AWSCloudTrail - User IAM Enumeration | Microsoft Sentinel Analytic Rules

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Id	cfaaf0bc-16d1-48df-ac8b-9d901bbd516a
Rulename	AWSCloudTrail - User IAM Enumeration
Description	Detects enumeration of IAM account configuration via repeated API calls to list roles, users, groups, and policies within a short time period. The threshold can be adjusted to reduce false positives from authorized cloud scanners such as Wiz.
Severity	Medium
Tactics	Discovery
Techniques	T1580
Required data connectors	AWS
Kind	Scheduled
Query frequency	10m
Query period	10m
Trigger threshold	0
Trigger operator	gt
Source Uri	https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Amazon%20Web%20Services/Analytic%20Rules/AWS_UserIAMEnumeration.yaml
Version	1.0.1
Arm template	cfaaf0bc-16d1-48df-ac8b-9d901bbd516a.json

KQL

let threshold = 50; 
AWSCloudTrail
| where EventName in ("ListAttachedRolePolicies","ListRoles","ListGroupsForUser","ListAttachedUserPolicies","ListAccessKeys","ListUsers")
| summarize
    count(),
    make_set(AWSRegion),
    make_set(UserAgent),
    make_set(SourceIpAddress),
    make_set(ErrorCode),
    make_set(ErrorMessage),
    make_set(EventName)
    by bin(TimeGenerated, 10m), UserIdentityPrincipalid, UserIdentityArn, UserIdentityAccountId
| where count_ > threshold
| mv-expand set_SourceIpAddress
| extend UserName = substring(UserIdentityPrincipalid, indexof_regex(UserIdentityPrincipalid, ":") + 1)
| extend Name = split(UserName,'@')[0],UpnSuffix = split(UserName,'@')[1]

YAML

triggerThreshold: 0
version: 1.0.1
kind: Scheduled
description: |
  Detects enumeration of IAM account configuration via repeated API calls to list roles, users, groups, and policies within a short time period. The threshold can be adjusted to reduce false positives from authorized cloud scanners such as Wiz.
queryFrequency: 10m
triggerOperator: gt
relevantTechniques:
- T1580
entityMappings:
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: Name
    columnName: Name
  - identifier: UPNSuffix
    columnName: UpnSuffix
  entityType: Account
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: Address
    columnName: set_SourceIpAddress
  entityType: IP
id: cfaaf0bc-16d1-48df-ac8b-9d901bbd516a
query: |
  let threshold = 50; 
  AWSCloudTrail
  | where EventName in ("ListAttachedRolePolicies","ListRoles","ListGroupsForUser","ListAttachedUserPolicies","ListAccessKeys","ListUsers")
  | summarize
      count(),
      make_set(AWSRegion),
      make_set(UserAgent),
      make_set(SourceIpAddress),
      make_set(ErrorCode),
      make_set(ErrorMessage),
      make_set(EventName)
      by bin(TimeGenerated, 10m), UserIdentityPrincipalid, UserIdentityArn, UserIdentityAccountId
  | where count_ > threshold
  | mv-expand set_SourceIpAddress
  | extend UserName = substring(UserIdentityPrincipalid, indexof_regex(UserIdentityPrincipalid, ":") + 1)
  | extend Name = split(UserName,'@')[0],UpnSuffix = split(UserName,'@')[1]
alertDetailsOverride:
  alertDisplayNameFormat: IAM enumeration detected - {{count_}} API calls by {{UserIdentityPrincipalid}}
  alertDescriptionFormat: User {{UserIdentityPrincipalid}} performed {{count_}} IAM enumeration API calls within a 10-minute window from account {{UserIdentityAccountId}}.
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Amazon%20Web%20Services/Analytic%20Rules/AWS_UserIAMEnumeration.yaml
requiredDataConnectors:
- dataTypes:
  - AWSCloudTrail
  connectorId: AWS
customDetails:
  PrincipalId: UserIdentityPrincipalid
  AWSAccountId: UserIdentityAccountId
  EventCount: count_
tactics:
- Discovery
queryPeriod: 10m
severity: Medium
status: Available
name: AWSCloudTrail - User IAM Enumeration

ARM

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "workspace": {
      "type": "String"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "apiVersion": "2024-01-01-preview",
      "id": "[concat(resourceId('Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers', parameters('workspace'), 'Microsoft.SecurityInsights'),'/alertRules/cfaaf0bc-16d1-48df-ac8b-9d901bbd516a')]",
      "kind": "Scheduled",
      "name": "[concat(parameters('workspace'),'/Microsoft.SecurityInsights/cfaaf0bc-16d1-48df-ac8b-9d901bbd516a')]",
      "properties": {
        "alertDetailsOverride": {
          "alertDescriptionFormat": "User {{UserIdentityPrincipalid}} performed {{count_}} IAM enumeration API calls within a 10-minute window from account {{UserIdentityAccountId}}.",
          "alertDisplayNameFormat": "IAM enumeration detected - {{count_}} API calls by {{UserIdentityPrincipalid}}"
        },
        "alertRuleTemplateName": "cfaaf0bc-16d1-48df-ac8b-9d901bbd516a",
        "customDetails": {
          "AWSAccountId": "UserIdentityAccountId",
          "EventCount": "count_",
          "PrincipalId": "UserIdentityPrincipalid"
        },
        "description": "Detects enumeration of IAM account configuration via repeated API calls to list roles, users, groups, and policies within a short time period. The threshold can be adjusted to reduce false positives from authorized cloud scanners such as Wiz.\n",
        "displayName": "AWSCloudTrail - User IAM Enumeration",
        "enabled": true,
        "entityMappings": [
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "Name",
                "identifier": "Name"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "UpnSuffix",
                "identifier": "UPNSuffix"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "IP",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "set_SourceIpAddress",
                "identifier": "Address"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "OriginalUri": "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Amazon%20Web%20Services/Analytic%20Rules/AWS_UserIAMEnumeration.yaml",
        "query": "let threshold = 50; \nAWSCloudTrail\n| where EventName in (\"ListAttachedRolePolicies\",\"ListRoles\",\"ListGroupsForUser\",\"ListAttachedUserPolicies\",\"ListAccessKeys\",\"ListUsers\")\n| summarize\n    count(),\n    make_set(AWSRegion),\n    make_set(UserAgent),\n    make_set(SourceIpAddress),\n    make_set(ErrorCode),\n    make_set(ErrorMessage),\n    make_set(EventName)\n    by bin(TimeGenerated, 10m), UserIdentityPrincipalid, UserIdentityArn, UserIdentityAccountId\n| where count_ > threshold\n| mv-expand set_SourceIpAddress\n| extend UserName = substring(UserIdentityPrincipalid, indexof_regex(UserIdentityPrincipalid, \":\") + 1)\n| extend Name = split(UserName,'@')[0],UpnSuffix = split(UserName,'@')[1]\n",
        "queryFrequency": "PT10M",
        "queryPeriod": "PT10M",
        "severity": "Medium",
        "status": "Available",
        "subTechniques": [],
        "suppressionDuration": "PT1H",
        "suppressionEnabled": false,
        "tactics": [
          "Discovery"
        ],
        "techniques": [
          "T1580"
        ],
        "templateVersion": "1.0.1",
        "triggerOperator": "GreaterThan",
        "triggerThreshold": 0
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers/alertRules"
    }
  ]
}