Microsoft Sentinel Analytic Rules
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Detect port misuse by anomaly based detection ASIM Network Session schema

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Idcbf07406-fa2a-48b0-82b8-efad58db14ec
RulenameDetect port misuse by anomaly based detection (ASIM Network Session schema)
DescriptionThis rule detects anomalous pattern in port usage. The rule utilize ASIM normalization, and is applied to any source which supports the ASIM Network Session schema. To tune the rule to your environment configure it using the ‘NetworkSession_Monitor_Configuration’ watchlist. Note that to enhance performance, the rule uses summarized data generated from the summarization logic App.
SeverityMedium
TacticsCommandAndControl
LateralMovement
Execution
InitialAccess
TechniquesT1095
T1059
T1203
T1190
Required data connectorsAIVectraStream
AWSS3
AzureFirewall
AzureMonitor(VMInsights)
AzureNSG
CheckPoint
CiscoASA
CiscoMeraki
Corelight
Fortinet
MicrosoftSysmonForLinux
MicrosoftThreatProtection
PaloAltoNetworks
SecurityEvents
WindowsForwardedEvents
Zscaler
KindScheduled
Query frequency1d
Query period14d
Trigger threshold0
Trigger operatorgt
Source Urihttps://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Network Session Essentials/Analytic Rules/DetectPortMisuseByAnomalyBasedDetection.yaml
Version1.0.1
Arm templatecbf07406-fa2a-48b0-82b8-efad58db14ec.json
Deploy To Azure
let lookback = 14d;
let mapping = _GetWatchlist('NetworkSession_Monitor_Configuration')
| where Type == "Detection" and ThresholdType == "Anomaly" and Severity != "Disabled"  
| extend Ports = split(Ports,","),
        App = split(App,","),
        Protocol = split(Protocol,","),
        Direction = split(Direction,","),
        Action = split(Action,",")
| project Ports, App, Protocol, Direction, Action, Type, ThresholdType, Threshold, Severity, Tactic, Name, Description
| mv-expand Ports
| mv-expand App
| mv-expand Protocol
| mv-expand Direction
| mv-expand Action
| extend Ports = tostring(Ports), App = tostring(App), Protocol = tostring(Protocol), Direction = tostring(Direction), Action = tostring(Action), Threshold = toint(Threshold)
;
let AnomalyThreshold = 2.5;
let eps = materialize (_Im_NetworkSession | project TimeGenerated | where TimeGenerated > ago(5m) | count | extend Count = Count/300);
let maxSummarizedTime = toscalar (
    union isfuzzy=true 
        (
            NetworkCustomAnalytics_protocol_CL
                | where EventTime_t > ago(lookback)
                | summarize max_TimeGenerated=max(EventTime_t)
                | extend max_TimeGenerated = datetime_add('minute',10,max_TimeGenerated)
        ),
        (
            print(ago(lookback))
            | project max_TimeGenerated = print_0
        )
      | summarize maxTimeGenerated = max(max_TimeGenerated) 
    );
let nosummary = materialize(
              union isfuzzy=true 
                (
                    NetworkCustomAnalytics_protocol_CL
                    | where EventTime_t > ago(1d) 
                    | project v = int(2)
                ),
                (
                    print int(1) 
                    | project v = print_0
                )
                | summarize maxv = max(v)
                | extend nosum = (maxv > 1)
              );
let allData = union isfuzzy=true 
    (
        (datatable(exists:int, nosum:bool)[1,false] | where toscalar(eps) > 1000 | join (nosummary) on nosum) | join (
        _Im_NetworkSession(starttime=todatetime(ago(2d)), endtime=now())
        | where TimeGenerated > maxSummarizedTime
        | summarize Count=count() by NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, DstAppName, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, bin(TimeGenerated,10m)
        | extend EventTime = TimeGenerated, Count = toint(Count), DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber), exists=int(1)
        ) on exists
        | project-away exists, maxv, nosum*
    ),
    (
        (datatable(exists:int, nosum:bool)[1,false] | where toscalar(eps) between (501 .. 1000) | join (nosummary) on nosum) | join (
        _Im_NetworkSession(starttime=todatetime(ago(3d)), endtime=now())
        | where TimeGenerated > maxSummarizedTime
        | summarize Count=count() by NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, DstAppName, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, bin(TimeGenerated,10m)
        | extend EventTime = TimeGenerated, Count = toint(Count), DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber), exists=int(1)
        ) on exists
        | project-away exists, maxv, nosum*
    ),
    (
        (datatable(exists:int, nosum:bool)[1,false] | where toscalar(eps) <= 500 | join (nosummary) on nosum) | join (
        _Im_NetworkSession(starttime=todatetime(ago(4d)), endtime=now())
        | where TimeGenerated > maxSummarizedTime
        | summarize Count=count() by NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, DstAppName, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, bin(TimeGenerated,10m)
        | extend EventTime = TimeGenerated, Count = toint(Count), DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber), exists=int(1)
        ) on exists
        | project-away exists, maxv, nosum*
    ),
    (
        NetworkCustomAnalytics_protocol_CL
        | where EventTime_t > ago(lookback)
        | project-rename NetworkProtocol=NetworkProtocol_s, DstPortNumber=DstPortNumber_d, DstAppName=DstAppName_s, NetworkDirection=NetworkDirection_s, DvcAction=DvcAction_s, Count=count__d, EventTime=EventTime_t
        | extend Count = toint(Count),DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber) 
    )
;
allData
| where isnotempty(DstPortNumber)
| make-series Total=sum(Count) on EventTime from ago(lookback) to now() step 1d by DstPortNumber, NetworkProtocol, NetworkDirection, DvcAction
| extend (anomalies, score, baseline) = series_decompose_anomalies(Total, AnomalyThreshold, -1, 'linefit')
| mv-expand anomalies, score, baseline, EventTime, Total
| extend anomalies = toint(anomalies), score = toint(score), baseline = toint(baseline), EventTime = todatetime(EventTime), Total = tolong(Total)
| where EventTime >= ago(1d)
| extend DstPortNumber = trim_end(".0",tostring(DstPortNumber))
| where score > 2*AnomalyThreshold
| join kind=inner ['mapping'] where Ports == DstPortNumber
| where (Protocol == "*" or Protocol has NetworkProtocol)
                and (Direction == "*" or Direction has NetworkDirection)
                and (Action == "*" or Action has DvcAction)  
| project Name, Description, NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, Severity, Tactic
| summarize NetworkProtocols=make_set_if(NetworkProtocol,isnotempty(NetworkProtocol),20), 
                    NetworkDirections=make_set_if(NetworkDirection,isnotempty(NetworkDirection),5), 
                    DvcActions=make_set_if(DvcAction,isnotempty(DvcAction),10) by Name, Severity, Tactic, DstPortNumber, Description
queryFrequency: 1d
severity: Medium
id: cbf07406-fa2a-48b0-82b8-efad58db14ec
status: Available
requiredDataConnectors:
- dataTypes:
  - AWSVPCFlow
  connectorId: AWSS3
- dataTypes:
  - DeviceNetworkEvents
  connectorId: MicrosoftThreatProtection
- dataTypes:
  - SecurityEvent
  connectorId: SecurityEvents
- dataTypes:
  - WindowsEvent
  connectorId: WindowsForwardedEvents
- dataTypes:
  - CommonSecurityLog
  connectorId: Zscaler
- dataTypes:
  - Syslog
  connectorId: MicrosoftSysmonForLinux
- dataTypes:
  - CommonSecurityLog
  connectorId: PaloAltoNetworks
- dataTypes:
  - VMConnection
  connectorId: AzureMonitor(VMInsights)
- dataTypes:
  - AzureDiagnostics
  connectorId: AzureFirewall
- dataTypes:
  - AzureDiagnostics
  connectorId: AzureNSG
- dataTypes:
  - CommonSecurityLog
  connectorId: CiscoASA
- dataTypes:
  - Corelight_CL
  connectorId: Corelight
- dataTypes:
  - VectraStream
  connectorId: AIVectraStream
- dataTypes:
  - CommonSecurityLog
  connectorId: CheckPoint
- dataTypes:
  - CommonSecurityLog
  connectorId: Fortinet
- dataTypes:
  - Syslog
  - CiscoMerakiNativePoller
  connectorId: CiscoMeraki
kind: Scheduled
description: |
    'This rule detects anomalous pattern in port usage. The rule utilize [ASIM](https://aka.ms/AboutASIM) normalization, and is applied to any source which supports the ASIM Network Session schema. To tune the rule to your environment configure it using the 'NetworkSession_Monitor_Configuration' watchlist. Note that to enhance performance, the rule uses summarized data generated from the summarization logic App.'
alertDetailsOverride:
  alertDisplayNameFormat: Detected {{Name}}
  alertTacticsColumnName: Tactic
  alertSeverityColumnName: Severity
  alertDescriptionFormat: '{{Description}}'
query: |
  let lookback = 14d;
  let mapping = _GetWatchlist('NetworkSession_Monitor_Configuration')
  | where Type == "Detection" and ThresholdType == "Anomaly" and Severity != "Disabled"  
  | extend Ports = split(Ports,","),
          App = split(App,","),
          Protocol = split(Protocol,","),
          Direction = split(Direction,","),
          Action = split(Action,",")
  | project Ports, App, Protocol, Direction, Action, Type, ThresholdType, Threshold, Severity, Tactic, Name, Description
  | mv-expand Ports
  | mv-expand App
  | mv-expand Protocol
  | mv-expand Direction
  | mv-expand Action
  | extend Ports = tostring(Ports), App = tostring(App), Protocol = tostring(Protocol), Direction = tostring(Direction), Action = tostring(Action), Threshold = toint(Threshold)
  ;
  let AnomalyThreshold = 2.5;
  let eps = materialize (_Im_NetworkSession | project TimeGenerated | where TimeGenerated > ago(5m) | count | extend Count = Count/300);
  let maxSummarizedTime = toscalar (
      union isfuzzy=true 
          (
              NetworkCustomAnalytics_protocol_CL
                  | where EventTime_t > ago(lookback)
                  | summarize max_TimeGenerated=max(EventTime_t)
                  | extend max_TimeGenerated = datetime_add('minute',10,max_TimeGenerated)
          ),
          (
              print(ago(lookback))
              | project max_TimeGenerated = print_0
          )
        | summarize maxTimeGenerated = max(max_TimeGenerated) 
      );
  let nosummary = materialize(
                union isfuzzy=true 
                  (
                      NetworkCustomAnalytics_protocol_CL
                      | where EventTime_t > ago(1d) 
                      | project v = int(2)
                  ),
                  (
                      print int(1) 
                      | project v = print_0
                  )
                  | summarize maxv = max(v)
                  | extend nosum = (maxv > 1)
                );
  let allData = union isfuzzy=true 
      (
          (datatable(exists:int, nosum:bool)[1,false] | where toscalar(eps) > 1000 | join (nosummary) on nosum) | join (
          _Im_NetworkSession(starttime=todatetime(ago(2d)), endtime=now())
          | where TimeGenerated > maxSummarizedTime
          | summarize Count=count() by NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, DstAppName, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, bin(TimeGenerated,10m)
          | extend EventTime = TimeGenerated, Count = toint(Count), DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber), exists=int(1)
          ) on exists
          | project-away exists, maxv, nosum*
      ),
      (
          (datatable(exists:int, nosum:bool)[1,false] | where toscalar(eps) between (501 .. 1000) | join (nosummary) on nosum) | join (
          _Im_NetworkSession(starttime=todatetime(ago(3d)), endtime=now())
          | where TimeGenerated > maxSummarizedTime
          | summarize Count=count() by NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, DstAppName, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, bin(TimeGenerated,10m)
          | extend EventTime = TimeGenerated, Count = toint(Count), DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber), exists=int(1)
          ) on exists
          | project-away exists, maxv, nosum*
      ),
      (
          (datatable(exists:int, nosum:bool)[1,false] | where toscalar(eps) <= 500 | join (nosummary) on nosum) | join (
          _Im_NetworkSession(starttime=todatetime(ago(4d)), endtime=now())
          | where TimeGenerated > maxSummarizedTime
          | summarize Count=count() by NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, DstAppName, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, bin(TimeGenerated,10m)
          | extend EventTime = TimeGenerated, Count = toint(Count), DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber), exists=int(1)
          ) on exists
          | project-away exists, maxv, nosum*
      ),
      (
          NetworkCustomAnalytics_protocol_CL
          | where EventTime_t > ago(lookback)
          | project-rename NetworkProtocol=NetworkProtocol_s, DstPortNumber=DstPortNumber_d, DstAppName=DstAppName_s, NetworkDirection=NetworkDirection_s, DvcAction=DvcAction_s, Count=count__d, EventTime=EventTime_t
          | extend Count = toint(Count),DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber) 
      )
  ;
  allData
  | where isnotempty(DstPortNumber)
  | make-series Total=sum(Count) on EventTime from ago(lookback) to now() step 1d by DstPortNumber, NetworkProtocol, NetworkDirection, DvcAction
  | extend (anomalies, score, baseline) = series_decompose_anomalies(Total, AnomalyThreshold, -1, 'linefit')
  | mv-expand anomalies, score, baseline, EventTime, Total
  | extend anomalies = toint(anomalies), score = toint(score), baseline = toint(baseline), EventTime = todatetime(EventTime), Total = tolong(Total)
  | where EventTime >= ago(1d)
  | extend DstPortNumber = trim_end(".0",tostring(DstPortNumber))
  | where score > 2*AnomalyThreshold
  | join kind=inner ['mapping'] where Ports == DstPortNumber
  | where (Protocol == "*" or Protocol has NetworkProtocol)
                  and (Direction == "*" or Direction has NetworkDirection)
                  and (Action == "*" or Action has DvcAction)  
  | project Name, Description, NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, Severity, Tactic
  | summarize NetworkProtocols=make_set_if(NetworkProtocol,isnotempty(NetworkProtocol),20), 
                      NetworkDirections=make_set_if(NetworkDirection,isnotempty(NetworkDirection),5), 
                      DvcActions=make_set_if(DvcAction,isnotempty(DvcAction),10) by Name, Severity, Tactic, DstPortNumber, Description  
tactics:
- CommandAndControl
- LateralMovement
- Execution
- InitialAccess
name: Detect port misuse by anomaly based detection (ASIM Network Session schema)
triggerThreshold: 0
triggerOperator: gt
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Network Session Essentials/Analytic Rules/DetectPortMisuseByAnomalyBasedDetection.yaml
relevantTechniques:
- T1095
- T1059
- T1203
- T1190
customDetails:
  AllNetworkProtocols: NetworkProtocols
  DstPortNumber: DstPortNumber
  AllDvcAction: DvcActions
  AllNetworkDirections: NetworkDirections
eventGroupingSettings:
  aggregationKind: AlertPerResult
version: 1.0.1
tags:
- Schema: ASimNetworkSessions
  SchemaVersion: 0.2.4
queryPeriod: 14d
{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "workspace": {
      "type": "String"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "apiVersion": "2023-02-01-preview",
      "id": "[concat(resourceId('Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers', parameters('workspace'), 'Microsoft.SecurityInsights'),'/alertRules/cbf07406-fa2a-48b0-82b8-efad58db14ec')]",
      "kind": "Scheduled",
      "name": "[concat(parameters('workspace'),'/Microsoft.SecurityInsights/cbf07406-fa2a-48b0-82b8-efad58db14ec')]",
      "properties": {
        "alertDetailsOverride": {
          "alertDescriptionFormat": "{{Description}}",
          "alertDisplayNameFormat": "Detected {{Name}}",
          "alertSeverityColumnName": "Severity",
          "alertTacticsColumnName": "Tactic"
        },
        "alertRuleTemplateName": "cbf07406-fa2a-48b0-82b8-efad58db14ec",
        "customDetails": {
          "AllDvcAction": "DvcActions",
          "AllNetworkDirections": "NetworkDirections",
          "AllNetworkProtocols": "NetworkProtocols",
          "DstPortNumber": "DstPortNumber"
        },
        "description": "'This rule detects anomalous pattern in port usage. The rule utilize [ASIM](https://aka.ms/AboutASIM) normalization, and is applied to any source which supports the ASIM Network Session schema. To tune the rule to your environment configure it using the 'NetworkSession_Monitor_Configuration' watchlist. Note that to enhance performance, the rule uses summarized data generated from the summarization logic App.'\n",
        "displayName": "Detect port misuse by anomaly based detection (ASIM Network Session schema)",
        "enabled": true,
        "entityMappings": null,
        "eventGroupingSettings": {
          "aggregationKind": "AlertPerResult"
        },
        "OriginalUri": "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Network Session Essentials/Analytic Rules/DetectPortMisuseByAnomalyBasedDetection.yaml",
        "query": "let lookback = 14d;\nlet mapping = _GetWatchlist('NetworkSession_Monitor_Configuration')\n| where Type == \"Detection\" and ThresholdType == \"Anomaly\" and Severity != \"Disabled\"  \n| extend Ports = split(Ports,\",\"),\n        App = split(App,\",\"),\n        Protocol = split(Protocol,\",\"),\n        Direction = split(Direction,\",\"),\n        Action = split(Action,\",\")\n| project Ports, App, Protocol, Direction, Action, Type, ThresholdType, Threshold, Severity, Tactic, Name, Description\n| mv-expand Ports\n| mv-expand App\n| mv-expand Protocol\n| mv-expand Direction\n| mv-expand Action\n| extend Ports = tostring(Ports), App = tostring(App), Protocol = tostring(Protocol), Direction = tostring(Direction), Action = tostring(Action), Threshold = toint(Threshold)\n;\nlet AnomalyThreshold = 2.5;\nlet eps = materialize (_Im_NetworkSession | project TimeGenerated | where TimeGenerated > ago(5m) | count | extend Count = Count/300);\nlet maxSummarizedTime = toscalar (\n    union isfuzzy=true \n        (\n            NetworkCustomAnalytics_protocol_CL\n                | where EventTime_t > ago(lookback)\n                | summarize max_TimeGenerated=max(EventTime_t)\n                | extend max_TimeGenerated = datetime_add('minute',10,max_TimeGenerated)\n        ),\n        (\n            print(ago(lookback))\n            | project max_TimeGenerated = print_0\n        )\n      | summarize maxTimeGenerated = max(max_TimeGenerated) \n    );\nlet nosummary = materialize(\n              union isfuzzy=true \n                (\n                    NetworkCustomAnalytics_protocol_CL\n                    | where EventTime_t > ago(1d) \n                    | project v = int(2)\n                ),\n                (\n                    print int(1) \n                    | project v = print_0\n                )\n                | summarize maxv = max(v)\n                | extend nosum = (maxv > 1)\n              );\nlet allData = union isfuzzy=true \n    (\n        (datatable(exists:int, nosum:bool)[1,false] | where toscalar(eps) > 1000 | join (nosummary) on nosum) | join (\n        _Im_NetworkSession(starttime=todatetime(ago(2d)), endtime=now())\n        | where TimeGenerated > maxSummarizedTime\n        | summarize Count=count() by NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, DstAppName, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, bin(TimeGenerated,10m)\n        | extend EventTime = TimeGenerated, Count = toint(Count), DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber), exists=int(1)\n        ) on exists\n        | project-away exists, maxv, nosum*\n    ),\n    (\n        (datatable(exists:int, nosum:bool)[1,false] | where toscalar(eps) between (501 .. 1000) | join (nosummary) on nosum) | join (\n        _Im_NetworkSession(starttime=todatetime(ago(3d)), endtime=now())\n        | where TimeGenerated > maxSummarizedTime\n        | summarize Count=count() by NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, DstAppName, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, bin(TimeGenerated,10m)\n        | extend EventTime = TimeGenerated, Count = toint(Count), DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber), exists=int(1)\n        ) on exists\n        | project-away exists, maxv, nosum*\n    ),\n    (\n        (datatable(exists:int, nosum:bool)[1,false] | where toscalar(eps) <= 500 | join (nosummary) on nosum) | join (\n        _Im_NetworkSession(starttime=todatetime(ago(4d)), endtime=now())\n        | where TimeGenerated > maxSummarizedTime\n        | summarize Count=count() by NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, DstAppName, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, bin(TimeGenerated,10m)\n        | extend EventTime = TimeGenerated, Count = toint(Count), DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber), exists=int(1)\n        ) on exists\n        | project-away exists, maxv, nosum*\n    ),\n    (\n        NetworkCustomAnalytics_protocol_CL\n        | where EventTime_t > ago(lookback)\n        | project-rename NetworkProtocol=NetworkProtocol_s, DstPortNumber=DstPortNumber_d, DstAppName=DstAppName_s, NetworkDirection=NetworkDirection_s, DvcAction=DvcAction_s, Count=count__d, EventTime=EventTime_t\n        | extend Count = toint(Count),DstPortNumber = toint(DstPortNumber) \n    )\n;\nallData\n| where isnotempty(DstPortNumber)\n| make-series Total=sum(Count) on EventTime from ago(lookback) to now() step 1d by DstPortNumber, NetworkProtocol, NetworkDirection, DvcAction\n| extend (anomalies, score, baseline) = series_decompose_anomalies(Total, AnomalyThreshold, -1, 'linefit')\n| mv-expand anomalies, score, baseline, EventTime, Total\n| extend anomalies = toint(anomalies), score = toint(score), baseline = toint(baseline), EventTime = todatetime(EventTime), Total = tolong(Total)\n| where EventTime >= ago(1d)\n| extend DstPortNumber = trim_end(\".0\",tostring(DstPortNumber))\n| where score > 2*AnomalyThreshold\n| join kind=inner ['mapping'] where Ports == DstPortNumber\n| where (Protocol == \"*\" or Protocol has NetworkProtocol)\n                and (Direction == \"*\" or Direction has NetworkDirection)\n                and (Action == \"*\" or Action has DvcAction)  \n| project Name, Description, NetworkProtocol, DstPortNumber, NetworkDirection, DvcAction, Severity, Tactic\n| summarize NetworkProtocols=make_set_if(NetworkProtocol,isnotempty(NetworkProtocol),20), \n                    NetworkDirections=make_set_if(NetworkDirection,isnotempty(NetworkDirection),5), \n                    DvcActions=make_set_if(DvcAction,isnotempty(DvcAction),10) by Name, Severity, Tactic, DstPortNumber, Description\n",
        "queryFrequency": "P1D",
        "queryPeriod": "P14D",
        "severity": "Medium",
        "status": "Available",
        "suppressionDuration": "PT1H",
        "suppressionEnabled": false,
        "tactics": [
          "CommandAndControl",
          "Execution",
          "InitialAccess",
          "LateralMovement"
        ],
        "tags": [
          {
            "Schema": "ASimNetworkSessions",
            "SchemaVersion": "0.2.4"
          }
        ],
        "techniques": [
          "T1059",
          "T1095",
          "T1190",
          "T1203"
        ],
        "templateVersion": "1.0.1",
        "triggerOperator": "GreaterThan",
        "triggerThreshold": 0
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers/alertRules"
    }
  ]
}