IP with multiple failed Microsoft Entra ID logins successfully logs in to Palo Alto VPN

//Set a threshold of failed AAD signins from an IP address within 1 day above which we want to deem those logins suspicious.
let signin_threshold = 5; 
//Make a list of IPs with AAD signin failures above our threshold.
let aadFunc = (tableName:string){
let suspicious_signins = 
    table(tableName)
    //Looking for logon failure results
    | where ResultType !in ("0", "50125", "50140")
    //Exclude localhost addresses to reduce the chance of FPs
    | where IPAddress !in ("127.0.0.1", "::1")
    | summarize count() by IPAddress
    | where count_ >  signin_threshold
    | summarize make_set(IPAddress);
    suspicious_signins
};
let aadSignin = aadFunc("SigninLogs");
let aadNonInt = aadFunc("AADNonInteractiveUserSignInLogs");
let suspicious_signins = 
union isfuzzy=true aadSignin, aadNonInt
| summarize make_set(set_IPAddress);
//See if any of those IPs have sucessfully logged into PA VPNs during the same timeperiod
CommonSecurityLog
    //Select only PA VPN sucessful logons
    | where DeviceVendor == "Palo Alto Networks" and DeviceEventClassID == "globalprotect"
    | where Message has "GlobalProtect gateway user authentication succeeded"
    //Parse out the logon source IP from the Message field to match on
    | extend SourceIP = extract("Login from: ([^,]+)", 1, Message) 
    | where SourceIP in (suspicious_signins)
    | extend Reason = "Multiple failed AAD logins from SourceIP"
    //Parse out other useful information from Message field
    | extend User = extract('User name: ([^,]+)', 1, Message) 
    | extend ClientOS = extract('Client OS version: ([^,\"]+)', 1, Message)
    | extend Location = extract('Source region: ([^,]{2})',1, Message)
    | project TimeGenerated, Reason, SourceIP, User, ClientOS, Location, Message, DeviceName, ReceiptTime, DeviceVendor, DeviceEventClassID, Computer, FileName
    | extend timestamp = TimeGenerated

queryPeriod: 1d
id: ba144bf8-75b8-406f-9420-ed74397f9479
relevantTechniques:
- T1078
- T1110
triggerOperator: gt
entityMappings:
- fieldMappings:
  - columnName: User
    identifier: Name
  entityType: Account
- fieldMappings:
  - columnName: DeviceName
    identifier: HostName
  entityType: Host
- fieldMappings:
  - columnName: SourceIP
    identifier: Address
  entityType: IP
query: |
  //Set a threshold of failed AAD signins from an IP address within 1 day above which we want to deem those logins suspicious.
  let signin_threshold = 5; 
  //Make a list of IPs with AAD signin failures above our threshold.
  let aadFunc = (tableName:string){
  let suspicious_signins = 
      table(tableName)
      //Looking for logon failure results
      | where ResultType !in ("0", "50125", "50140")
      //Exclude localhost addresses to reduce the chance of FPs
      | where IPAddress !in ("127.0.0.1", "::1")
      | summarize count() by IPAddress
      | where count_ >  signin_threshold
      | summarize make_set(IPAddress);
      suspicious_signins
  };
  let aadSignin = aadFunc("SigninLogs");
  let aadNonInt = aadFunc("AADNonInteractiveUserSignInLogs");
  let suspicious_signins = 
  union isfuzzy=true aadSignin, aadNonInt
  | summarize make_set(set_IPAddress);
  //See if any of those IPs have sucessfully logged into PA VPNs during the same timeperiod
  CommonSecurityLog
      //Select only PA VPN sucessful logons
      | where DeviceVendor == "Palo Alto Networks" and DeviceEventClassID == "globalprotect"
      | where Message has "GlobalProtect gateway user authentication succeeded"
      //Parse out the logon source IP from the Message field to match on
      | extend SourceIP = extract("Login from: ([^,]+)", 1, Message) 
      | where SourceIP in (suspicious_signins)
      | extend Reason = "Multiple failed AAD logins from SourceIP"
      //Parse out other useful information from Message field
      | extend User = extract('User name: ([^,]+)', 1, Message) 
      | extend ClientOS = extract('Client OS version: ([^,\"]+)', 1, Message)
      | extend Location = extract('Source region: ([^,]{2})',1, Message)
      | project TimeGenerated, Reason, SourceIP, User, ClientOS, Location, Message, DeviceName, ReceiptTime, DeviceVendor, DeviceEventClassID, Computer, FileName
      | extend timestamp = TimeGenerated  
kind: Scheduled
triggerThreshold: 0
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Detections/MultipleDataSources/AAD_PAVPN_Correlation.yaml
queryFrequency: 1d
requiredDataConnectors:
- dataTypes:
  - SigninLogs
  connectorId: AzureActiveDirectory
- dataTypes:
  - AADNonInteractiveUserSignInLogs
  connectorId: AzureActiveDirectory
- dataTypes:
  - CommonSecurityLog
  connectorId: PaloAltoNetworks
metadata:
  support:
    tier: Community
  source:
    kind: Community
  categories:
    domains:
    - Security - Others
    - Identity
  author:
    name: Microsoft Security Research
name: IP with multiple failed Microsoft Entra ID logins successfully logs in to Palo Alto VPN
version: 1.0.4
description: |
  This query creates a list of IP addresses with the number of failed login attempts to Entra ID 
  above a set threshold ( default of 5 ).  It then looks for any successful Palo Alto VPN logins from any of these IPs within the same timeframe.  
tactics:
- InitialAccess
- CredentialAccess
severity: Medium

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "workspace": {
      "type": "String"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "apiVersion": "2024-01-01-preview",
      "id": "[concat(resourceId('Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers', parameters('workspace'), 'Microsoft.SecurityInsights'),'/alertRules/ba144bf8-75b8-406f-9420-ed74397f9479')]",
      "kind": "Scheduled",
      "name": "[concat(parameters('workspace'),'/Microsoft.SecurityInsights/ba144bf8-75b8-406f-9420-ed74397f9479')]",
      "properties": {
        "alertRuleTemplateName": "ba144bf8-75b8-406f-9420-ed74397f9479",
        "customDetails": null,
        "description": "This query creates a list of IP addresses with the number of failed login attempts to Entra ID \nabove a set threshold ( default of 5 ).  It then looks for any successful Palo Alto VPN logins from any of these IPs within the same timeframe.\n",
        "displayName": "IP with multiple failed Microsoft Entra ID logins successfully logs in to Palo Alto VPN",
        "enabled": true,
        "entityMappings": [
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "User",
                "identifier": "Name"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "Host",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "DeviceName",
                "identifier": "HostName"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "IP",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "SourceIP",
                "identifier": "Address"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "OriginalUri": "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Detections/MultipleDataSources/AAD_PAVPN_Correlation.yaml",
        "query": "//Set a threshold of failed AAD signins from an IP address within 1 day above which we want to deem those logins suspicious.\nlet signin_threshold = 5; \n//Make a list of IPs with AAD signin failures above our threshold.\nlet aadFunc = (tableName:string){\nlet suspicious_signins = \n    table(tableName)\n    //Looking for logon failure results\n    | where ResultType !in (\"0\", \"50125\", \"50140\")\n    //Exclude localhost addresses to reduce the chance of FPs\n    | where IPAddress !in (\"127.0.0.1\", \"::1\")\n    | summarize count() by IPAddress\n    | where count_ >  signin_threshold\n    | summarize make_set(IPAddress);\n    suspicious_signins\n};\nlet aadSignin = aadFunc(\"SigninLogs\");\nlet aadNonInt = aadFunc(\"AADNonInteractiveUserSignInLogs\");\nlet suspicious_signins = \nunion isfuzzy=true aadSignin, aadNonInt\n| summarize make_set(set_IPAddress);\n//See if any of those IPs have sucessfully logged into PA VPNs during the same timeperiod\nCommonSecurityLog\n    //Select only PA VPN sucessful logons\n    | where DeviceVendor == \"Palo Alto Networks\" and DeviceEventClassID == \"globalprotect\"\n    | where Message has \"GlobalProtect gateway user authentication succeeded\"\n    //Parse out the logon source IP from the Message field to match on\n    | extend SourceIP = extract(\"Login from: ([^,]+)\", 1, Message) \n    | where SourceIP in (suspicious_signins)\n    | extend Reason = \"Multiple failed AAD logins from SourceIP\"\n    //Parse out other useful information from Message field\n    | extend User = extract('User name: ([^,]+)', 1, Message) \n    | extend ClientOS = extract('Client OS version: ([^,\\\"]+)', 1, Message)\n    | extend Location = extract('Source region: ([^,]{2})',1, Message)\n    | project TimeGenerated, Reason, SourceIP, User, ClientOS, Location, Message, DeviceName, ReceiptTime, DeviceVendor, DeviceEventClassID, Computer, FileName\n    | extend timestamp = TimeGenerated\n",
        "queryFrequency": "P1D",
        "queryPeriod": "P1D",
        "severity": "Medium",
        "subTechniques": [],
        "suppressionDuration": "PT1H",
        "suppressionEnabled": false,
        "tactics": [
          "CredentialAccess",
          "InitialAccess"
        ],
        "techniques": [
          "T1078",
          "T1110"
        ],
        "templateVersion": "1.0.4",
        "triggerOperator": "GreaterThan",
        "triggerThreshold": 0
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers/alertRules"
    }
  ]
}