The download of potentially risky files from the Discord Content Delivery Network CDN ASIM Web Session

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Id	b7fe8f27-7010-404b-aec5-6e5245cea580
Rulename	The download of potentially risky files from the Discord Content Delivery Network (CDN) (ASIM Web Session)
Description	This detection mechanism identifies instances where requests are made to Discord CDN addresses for file extensions that are considered risky. It triggers when a callout is made to a Discord server that has only been encountered once in your environment. The uniqueness of Discord servers is determined based on the server ID present in the request URL (DiscordServerId in the query). Discord CDN has been utilized in numerous campaigns to download additional payloads, highlighting the importance of monitoring such activities. The query includes a sample set of popular web script extensions (scriptExtensions), which should be customized to align with the specific requirements of your environment
Severity	Medium
Tactics	CommandAndControl
Techniques	T1071.001
Kind	Scheduled
Query frequency	1d
Query period	1d
Trigger threshold	0
Trigger operator	gt
Source Uri	https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Web Session Essentials/Analytic Rules/DiscordCDNRiskyFileDownload.yaml
Version	1.0.0
Arm template	b7fe8f27-7010-404b-aec5-6e5245cea580.json

KQL

let lookback = 1d;
let connectionThreshold = 1;
let RiskyFileExtensions = materialize(externaldata(Extensions: string)
    [@"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/master/Sample%20Data/Feeds/RiskyFileExtensionsInUrl.csv"]
    with(format="csv", ignoreFirstRecord=True));
let CustomRiskyFileExtensions = (_ASIM_GetWatchlistRaw("Web_RiskyFileExtensions") // Create new Watchlist and add your custom indicators(Optional)
    | extend
        Extensions = tostring(WatchlistItem["Extensions"])
    | project Extensions
    | where isnotempty(Extensions));
let CombinedRiskyFileExtensions = union RiskyFileExtensions, CustomRiskyFileExtensions;
let knownRiskyFileExtensions=toscalar(CombinedRiskyFileExtensions
    | where isnotempty(Extensions)
    | summarize make_set(Extensions, 1000));
let discord=dynamic(["cdn.discordapp.com", "media.discordapp.com"]);
let WebData = _Im_WebSession(starttime=ago(lookback), url_has_any=discord, eventresult='Success')
    | where isnotempty(Url)
    | project Url, SrcUsername, SrcIpAddr, TimeGenerated, SrcHostname
    | where Url has "attachments"
    | extend DiscordServerId = extract(@"\/attachments\/([0-9]+)\/", 1, Url);
WebData
| summarize
    dcount(Url),
    min(TimeGenerated),
    max(TimeGenerated)
    by DiscordServerId
| join kind=inner (WebData) on DiscordServerId
| where dcount_Url <= connectionThreshold and Url has_any (knownRiskyFileExtensions)
| summarize EventCount = count()
    by
    EventStartTime=min_TimeGenerated,
    EventEndTime=max_TimeGenerated,
    SrcUsername,
    SrcHostname,
    SrcIpAddr,
    Url
| extend
    Name = iif(SrcUsername contains "@", tostring(split(SrcUsername, '@', 0)[0]), SrcUsername),
    UPNSuffix = iif(SrcUsername contains "@", tostring(split(SrcUsername, '@', 1)[0]), "")

YAML

requiredDataConnectors: []
status: Available
relevantTechniques:
- T1071.001
queryFrequency: 1d
id: b7fe8f27-7010-404b-aec5-6e5245cea580
eventGroupingSettings:
  aggregationKind: AlertPerResult
customDetails:
  EventEndTime: EventEndTime
  EventStartTime: EventStartTime
name: The download of potentially risky files from the Discord Content Delivery Network (CDN) (ASIM Web Session)
severity: Medium
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Web Session Essentials/Analytic Rules/DiscordCDNRiskyFileDownload.yaml
queryPeriod: 1d
entityMappings:
- fieldMappings:
  - columnName: Name
    identifier: Name
  - columnName: UPNSuffix
    identifier: UPNSuffix
  entityType: Account
- fieldMappings:
  - columnName: SrcIpAddr
    identifier: Address
  entityType: IP
- fieldMappings:
  - columnName: Url
    identifier: Url
  entityType: URL
- fieldMappings:
  - columnName: SrcHostname
    identifier: HostName
  entityType: Host
description: |
  'This detection mechanism identifies instances where requests are made to Discord CDN addresses for file extensions that are considered risky.
    It triggers when a callout is made to a Discord server that has only been encountered once in your environment. The uniqueness of Discord servers is determined based on the server ID present in the request URL (DiscordServerId in the query).
    Discord CDN has been utilized in numerous campaigns to download additional payloads, highlighting the importance of monitoring such activities.
    The query includes a sample set of popular web script extensions (scriptExtensions), which should be customized to align with the specific requirements of your environment'  
triggerThreshold: 0
tactics:
- CommandAndControl
tags:
- Schema: WebSession
  SchemaVersion: 0.2.6
query: |
  let lookback = 1d;
  let connectionThreshold = 1;
  let RiskyFileExtensions = materialize(externaldata(Extensions: string)
      [@"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/master/Sample%20Data/Feeds/RiskyFileExtensionsInUrl.csv"]
      with(format="csv", ignoreFirstRecord=True));
  let CustomRiskyFileExtensions = (_ASIM_GetWatchlistRaw("Web_RiskyFileExtensions") // Create new Watchlist and add your custom indicators(Optional)
      | extend
          Extensions = tostring(WatchlistItem["Extensions"])
      | project Extensions
      | where isnotempty(Extensions));
  let CombinedRiskyFileExtensions = union RiskyFileExtensions, CustomRiskyFileExtensions;
  let knownRiskyFileExtensions=toscalar(CombinedRiskyFileExtensions
      | where isnotempty(Extensions)
      | summarize make_set(Extensions, 1000));
  let discord=dynamic(["cdn.discordapp.com", "media.discordapp.com"]);
  let WebData = _Im_WebSession(starttime=ago(lookback), url_has_any=discord, eventresult='Success')
      | where isnotempty(Url)
      | project Url, SrcUsername, SrcIpAddr, TimeGenerated, SrcHostname
      | where Url has "attachments"
      | extend DiscordServerId = extract(@"\/attachments\/([0-9]+)\/", 1, Url);
  WebData
  | summarize
      dcount(Url),
      min(TimeGenerated),
      max(TimeGenerated)
      by DiscordServerId
  | join kind=inner (WebData) on DiscordServerId
  | where dcount_Url <= connectionThreshold and Url has_any (knownRiskyFileExtensions)
  | summarize EventCount = count()
      by
      EventStartTime=min_TimeGenerated,
      EventEndTime=max_TimeGenerated,
      SrcUsername,
      SrcHostname,
      SrcIpAddr,
      Url
  | extend
      Name = iif(SrcUsername contains "@", tostring(split(SrcUsername, '@', 0)[0]), SrcUsername),
      UPNSuffix = iif(SrcUsername contains "@", tostring(split(SrcUsername, '@', 1)[0]), "")  
kind: Scheduled
triggerOperator: gt
alertDetailsOverride:
  alertDisplayNameFormat: User '{{SrcUsername}}' with the IP address '{{SrcIpAddr}}' has been detected downloading potentially risky files from the Discord CDN
  alertDescriptionFormat: " Client requested for URL '{{Url}}' that contains a files hosted on a recognized Discord Content Delivery Network (CDN) which are considered to be potentially risky. It is essential to investigate further to determine the nature of the files being requested and the intent of the users involved"
version: 1.0.0

ARM

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "workspace": {
      "type": "String"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "apiVersion": "2024-01-01-preview",
      "id": "[concat(resourceId('Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers', parameters('workspace'), 'Microsoft.SecurityInsights'),'/alertRules/b7fe8f27-7010-404b-aec5-6e5245cea580')]",
      "kind": "Scheduled",
      "name": "[concat(parameters('workspace'),'/Microsoft.SecurityInsights/b7fe8f27-7010-404b-aec5-6e5245cea580')]",
      "properties": {
        "alertDetailsOverride": {
          "alertDescriptionFormat": " Client requested for URL '{{Url}}' that contains a files hosted on a recognized Discord Content Delivery Network (CDN) which are considered to be potentially risky. It is essential to investigate further to determine the nature of the files being requested and the intent of the users involved",
          "alertDisplayNameFormat": "User '{{SrcUsername}}' with the IP address '{{SrcIpAddr}}' has been detected downloading potentially risky files from the Discord CDN"
        },
        "alertRuleTemplateName": "b7fe8f27-7010-404b-aec5-6e5245cea580",
        "customDetails": {
          "EventEndTime": "EventEndTime",
          "EventStartTime": "EventStartTime"
        },
        "description": "'This detection mechanism identifies instances where requests are made to Discord CDN addresses for file extensions that are considered risky.\n  It triggers when a callout is made to a Discord server that has only been encountered once in your environment. The uniqueness of Discord servers is determined based on the server ID present in the request URL (DiscordServerId in the query).\n  Discord CDN has been utilized in numerous campaigns to download additional payloads, highlighting the importance of monitoring such activities.\n  The query includes a sample set of popular web script extensions (scriptExtensions), which should be customized to align with the specific requirements of your environment'\n",
        "displayName": "The download of potentially risky files from the Discord Content Delivery Network (CDN) (ASIM Web Session)",
        "enabled": true,
        "entityMappings": [
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "Name",
                "identifier": "Name"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "UPNSuffix",
                "identifier": "UPNSuffix"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "IP",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "SrcIpAddr",
                "identifier": "Address"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "URL",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "Url",
                "identifier": "Url"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "Host",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "SrcHostname",
                "identifier": "HostName"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "eventGroupingSettings": {
          "aggregationKind": "AlertPerResult"
        },
        "OriginalUri": "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Web Session Essentials/Analytic Rules/DiscordCDNRiskyFileDownload.yaml",
        "query": "let lookback = 1d;\nlet connectionThreshold = 1;\nlet RiskyFileExtensions = materialize(externaldata(Extensions: string)\n    [@\"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/master/Sample%20Data/Feeds/RiskyFileExtensionsInUrl.csv\"]\n    with(format=\"csv\", ignoreFirstRecord=True));\nlet CustomRiskyFileExtensions = (_ASIM_GetWatchlistRaw(\"Web_RiskyFileExtensions\") // Create new Watchlist and add your custom indicators(Optional)\n    | extend\n        Extensions = tostring(WatchlistItem[\"Extensions\"])\n    | project Extensions\n    | where isnotempty(Extensions));\nlet CombinedRiskyFileExtensions = union RiskyFileExtensions, CustomRiskyFileExtensions;\nlet knownRiskyFileExtensions=toscalar(CombinedRiskyFileExtensions\n    | where isnotempty(Extensions)\n    | summarize make_set(Extensions, 1000));\nlet discord=dynamic([\"cdn.discordapp.com\", \"media.discordapp.com\"]);\nlet WebData = _Im_WebSession(starttime=ago(lookback), url_has_any=discord, eventresult='Success')\n    | where isnotempty(Url)\n    | project Url, SrcUsername, SrcIpAddr, TimeGenerated, SrcHostname\n    | where Url has \"attachments\"\n    | extend DiscordServerId = extract(@\"\\/attachments\\/([0-9]+)\\/\", 1, Url);\nWebData\n| summarize\n    dcount(Url),\n    min(TimeGenerated),\n    max(TimeGenerated)\n    by DiscordServerId\n| join kind=inner (WebData) on DiscordServerId\n| where dcount_Url <= connectionThreshold and Url has_any (knownRiskyFileExtensions)\n| summarize EventCount = count()\n    by\n    EventStartTime=min_TimeGenerated,\n    EventEndTime=max_TimeGenerated,\n    SrcUsername,\n    SrcHostname,\n    SrcIpAddr,\n    Url\n| extend\n    Name = iif(SrcUsername contains \"@\", tostring(split(SrcUsername, '@', 0)[0]), SrcUsername),\n    UPNSuffix = iif(SrcUsername contains \"@\", tostring(split(SrcUsername, '@', 1)[0]), \"\")\n",
        "queryFrequency": "P1D",
        "queryPeriod": "P1D",
        "severity": "Medium",
        "status": "Available",
        "subTechniques": [
          "T1071.001"
        ],
        "suppressionDuration": "PT1H",
        "suppressionEnabled": false,
        "tactics": [
          "CommandAndControl"
        ],
        "tags": [
          {
            "Schema": "WebSession",
            "SchemaVersion": "0.2.6"
          }
        ],
        "techniques": [
          "T1071"
        ],
        "templateVersion": "1.0.0",
        "triggerOperator": "GreaterThan",
        "triggerThreshold": 0
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers/alertRules"
    }
  ]
}