NRT First access credential added to Application or Service Principal where no credential was present

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Id	b6988c32-4f3b-4a45-8313-b46b33061a74
Rulename	NRT First access credential added to Application or Service Principal where no credential was present
Description	This will alert when an admin or app owner account adds a new credential to an Application or Service Principal where there was no previous verify KeyCredential associated. If a threat actor obtains access to an account with sufficient privileges and adds the alternate authentication material triggering this event, the threat actor can now authenticate as the Application or Service Principal using this credential. Additional information on OAuth Credential Grants can be found in RFC 6749 Section 4.4 or https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/develop/v2-oauth2-client-creds-grant-flow For further information on AuditLogs please see https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/reports-monitoring/reference-audit-activities.
Categories
Author
Severity	Medium
Tactics	DefenseEvasion
Techniques	T1550.001
Required data connectors	AzureActiveDirectory
Kind	NRT
Source
Source Uri	https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Microsoft Entra ID/Analytic Rules/nrt_FirstAppOrServicePrincipalCredential.yaml
Version	1.0.6
Arm template	b6988c32-4f3b-4a45-8313-b46b33061a74.json

KQL

AuditLogs
| where OperationName has_any ("Add service principal", "Certificates and secrets management")
| where Result =~ "success"
| where tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName) has "@" or tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName) has "@"
| mv-apply TargetResource = TargetResources on 
  (
    where TargetResource.type =~ "Application"
    | extend targetDisplayName = tostring(TargetResource.displayName),
             targetId = tostring(TargetResource.id),
             targetType = tostring(TargetResource.type),
             keyEvents = TargetResource.modifiedProperties
  )
|  mv-apply Property = keyEvents on 
 (
  where Property.displayName =~ "KeyDescription"
  | extend new_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.newValue)),
           old_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.oldValue))
 )
| where old_value_set == "[]"
| mv-expand new_value_set
| parse new_value_set with * "KeyIdentifier=" keyIdentifier:string ",KeyType=" keyType:string ",KeyUsage=" keyUsage:string ",DisplayName=" keyDisplayName:string "]" *
| where keyUsage == "Verify"
 | mv-apply AdditionalDetail = AdditionalDetails on 
  (
    where AdditionalDetail.key =~ "User-Agent"
    | extend UserAgent = tostring(AdditionalDetail.value)
  )
| extend InitiatingAppName = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName)
| extend InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.servicePrincipalId)
| extend InitiatingUserPrincipalName = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName)
| extend InitiatingAadUserId = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.id)
| extend InitiatingIpAddress = tostring(iff(isnotempty(InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress), InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress, InitiatedBy.app.ipAddress))
//| where targetType =~ "Application" // or targetType =~ "ServicePrincipal"
| project-away new_value_set, old_value_set
| project-reorder TimeGenerated, OperationName, InitiatingUserPrincipalName, InitiatingAadUserId, InitiatingAppName, InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId, InitiatingIpAddress, UserAgent, targetDisplayName, targetId, targetType, keyDisplayName, keyType, keyUsage, keyIdentifier, CorrelationId, TenantId
| extend InitiatedByName = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',0)[0]), InitiatedByUPNSuffix = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',1)[0])

YAML

relevantTechniques:
- T1550.001
name: NRT First access credential added to Application or Service Principal where no credential was present
requiredDataConnectors:
- dataTypes:
  - AuditLogs
  connectorId: AzureActiveDirectory
entityMappings:
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: FullName
    columnName: InitiatingUserPrincipalName
  - identifier: Name
    columnName: InitiatedByName
  - identifier: UPNSuffix
    columnName: InitiatedByUPNSuffix
  entityType: Account
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: AadUserId
    columnName: InitiatingAadUserId
  entityType: Account
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: AadUserId
    columnName: InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId
  entityType: Account
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: Address
    columnName: InitiatingIpAddress
  entityType: IP
query: |
  AuditLogs
  | where OperationName has_any ("Add service principal", "Certificates and secrets management")
  | where Result =~ "success"
  | where tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName) has "@" or tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName) has "@"
  | mv-apply TargetResource = TargetResources on 
    (
      where TargetResource.type =~ "Application"
      | extend targetDisplayName = tostring(TargetResource.displayName),
               targetId = tostring(TargetResource.id),
               targetType = tostring(TargetResource.type),
               keyEvents = TargetResource.modifiedProperties
    )
  |  mv-apply Property = keyEvents on 
   (
    where Property.displayName =~ "KeyDescription"
    | extend new_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.newValue)),
             old_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.oldValue))
   )
  | where old_value_set == "[]"
  | mv-expand new_value_set
  | parse new_value_set with * "KeyIdentifier=" keyIdentifier:string ",KeyType=" keyType:string ",KeyUsage=" keyUsage:string ",DisplayName=" keyDisplayName:string "]" *
  | where keyUsage == "Verify"
   | mv-apply AdditionalDetail = AdditionalDetails on 
    (
      where AdditionalDetail.key =~ "User-Agent"
      | extend UserAgent = tostring(AdditionalDetail.value)
    )
  | extend InitiatingAppName = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName)
  | extend InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.servicePrincipalId)
  | extend InitiatingUserPrincipalName = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName)
  | extend InitiatingAadUserId = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.id)
  | extend InitiatingIpAddress = tostring(iff(isnotempty(InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress), InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress, InitiatedBy.app.ipAddress))
  //| where targetType =~ "Application" // or targetType =~ "ServicePrincipal"
  | project-away new_value_set, old_value_set
  | project-reorder TimeGenerated, OperationName, InitiatingUserPrincipalName, InitiatingAadUserId, InitiatingAppName, InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId, InitiatingIpAddress, UserAgent, targetDisplayName, targetId, targetType, keyDisplayName, keyType, keyUsage, keyIdentifier, CorrelationId, TenantId
  | extend InitiatedByName = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',0)[0]), InitiatedByUPNSuffix = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',1)[0])  
id: b6988c32-4f3b-4a45-8313-b46b33061a74
tactics:
- DefenseEvasion
version: 1.0.6
threatAnalysisTechniques:
- T1550.001
categories:
  domains:
  - Security - Others
  - Identity
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Microsoft Entra ID/Analytic Rules/nrt_FirstAppOrServicePrincipalCredential.yaml
threatAnalysisTactics:
- DefenseEvasion
kind: NRT
tags:
- Solorigate
- NOBELIUM
metadata: 
support:
  tier: Community
source:
  kind: Community
severity: Medium
description: |
  'This will alert when an admin or app owner account adds a new credential to an Application or Service Principal where there was no previous verify KeyCredential associated.
  If a threat actor obtains access to an account with sufficient privileges and adds the alternate authentication material triggering this event, the threat actor can now authenticate as the Application or Service Principal using this credential.
  Additional information on OAuth Credential Grants can be found in RFC 6749 Section 4.4 or https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/develop/v2-oauth2-client-creds-grant-flow
  For further information on AuditLogs please see https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/reports-monitoring/reference-audit-activities.'  
author:
  name: Samik Roy

ARM

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "workspace": {
      "type": "String"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "apiVersion": "2024-01-01-preview",
      "id": "[concat(resourceId('Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers', parameters('workspace'), 'Microsoft.SecurityInsights'),'/alertRules/b6988c32-4f3b-4a45-8313-b46b33061a74')]",
      "kind": "NRT",
      "name": "[concat(parameters('workspace'),'/Microsoft.SecurityInsights/b6988c32-4f3b-4a45-8313-b46b33061a74')]",
      "properties": {
        "alertRuleTemplateName": "b6988c32-4f3b-4a45-8313-b46b33061a74",
        "author": {
          "name": "Samik Roy"
        },
        "categories": {
          "domains": [
            "Security - Others",
            "Identity"
          ]
        },
        "customDetails": null,
        "description": "'This will alert when an admin or app owner account adds a new credential to an Application or Service Principal where there was no previous verify KeyCredential associated.\nIf a threat actor obtains access to an account with sufficient privileges and adds the alternate authentication material triggering this event, the threat actor can now authenticate as the Application or Service Principal using this credential.\nAdditional information on OAuth Credential Grants can be found in RFC 6749 Section 4.4 or https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/develop/v2-oauth2-client-creds-grant-flow\nFor further information on AuditLogs please see https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/reports-monitoring/reference-audit-activities.'\n",
        "displayName": "NRT First access credential added to Application or Service Principal where no credential was present",
        "enabled": true,
        "entityMappings": [
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "InitiatingUserPrincipalName",
                "identifier": "FullName"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "InitiatedByName",
                "identifier": "Name"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "InitiatedByUPNSuffix",
                "identifier": "UPNSuffix"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "InitiatingAadUserId",
                "identifier": "AadUserId"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId",
                "identifier": "AadUserId"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "IP",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "InitiatingIpAddress",
                "identifier": "Address"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "OriginalUri": "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Microsoft Entra ID/Analytic Rules/nrt_FirstAppOrServicePrincipalCredential.yaml",
        "query": "AuditLogs\n| where OperationName has_any (\"Add service principal\", \"Certificates and secrets management\")\n| where Result =~ \"success\"\n| where tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName) has \"@\" or tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName) has \"@\"\n| mv-apply TargetResource = TargetResources on \n  (\n    where TargetResource.type =~ \"Application\"\n    | extend targetDisplayName = tostring(TargetResource.displayName),\n             targetId = tostring(TargetResource.id),\n             targetType = tostring(TargetResource.type),\n             keyEvents = TargetResource.modifiedProperties\n  )\n|  mv-apply Property = keyEvents on \n (\n  where Property.displayName =~ \"KeyDescription\"\n  | extend new_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.newValue)),\n           old_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.oldValue))\n )\n| where old_value_set == \"[]\"\n| mv-expand new_value_set\n| parse new_value_set with * \"KeyIdentifier=\" keyIdentifier:string \",KeyType=\" keyType:string \",KeyUsage=\" keyUsage:string \",DisplayName=\" keyDisplayName:string \"]\" *\n| where keyUsage == \"Verify\"\n | mv-apply AdditionalDetail = AdditionalDetails on \n  (\n    where AdditionalDetail.key =~ \"User-Agent\"\n    | extend UserAgent = tostring(AdditionalDetail.value)\n  )\n| extend InitiatingAppName = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName)\n| extend InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.servicePrincipalId)\n| extend InitiatingUserPrincipalName = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName)\n| extend InitiatingAadUserId = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.id)\n| extend InitiatingIpAddress = tostring(iff(isnotempty(InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress), InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress, InitiatedBy.app.ipAddress))\n//| where targetType =~ \"Application\" // or targetType =~ \"ServicePrincipal\"\n| project-away new_value_set, old_value_set\n| project-reorder TimeGenerated, OperationName, InitiatingUserPrincipalName, InitiatingAadUserId, InitiatingAppName, InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId, InitiatingIpAddress, UserAgent, targetDisplayName, targetId, targetType, keyDisplayName, keyType, keyUsage, keyIdentifier, CorrelationId, TenantId\n| extend InitiatedByName = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',0)[0]), InitiatedByUPNSuffix = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',1)[0])\n",
        "severity": "Medium",
        "source": {
          "kind": "Community"
        },
        "subTechniques": [
          "T1550.001"
        ],
        "support": {
          "tier": "Community"
        },
        "suppressionDuration": "PT1H",
        "suppressionEnabled": false,
        "tactics": [
          "DefenseEvasion"
        ],
        "tags": [
          "Solorigate",
          "NOBELIUM"
        ],
        "techniques": [
          "T1550"
        ],
        "templateVersion": "1.0.6",
        "threatAnalysisTactics": [
          "DefenseEvasion"
        ],
        "threatAnalysisTechniques": [
          "T1550.001"
        ]
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers/alertRules"
    }
  ]
}