GCP Audit Logs - DNSSEC Disabled on Managed DNS Zone | Microsoft Sentinel Analytic Rules

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Id	9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c
Rulename	GCP Audit Logs - DNSSEC Disabled on Managed DNS Zone
Description	Detects when DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions) is disabled on a Google Cloud DNS managed zone. DNSSEC provides cryptographic authentication of DNS data, preventing DNS spoofing and cache poisoning attacks. Adversaries may disable DNSSEC to enable DNS-based command and control, phishing campaigns, or to redirect traffic to malicious infrastructure without cryptographic validation. This rule monitors DNS zone patch operations where DNSSEC state changes from ON to OFF.
Severity	High
Tactics	DefenseEvasion CommandAndControl ResourceDevelopment
Techniques	T1562.001 T1071.004 T1584.002
Required data connectors	GCPAuditLogsDefinition
Kind	Scheduled
Query frequency	1h
Query period	1h
Trigger threshold	0
Trigger operator	gt
Source Uri	https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Google%20Cloud%20Platform%20Audit%20Logs/Analytic%20Rules/GCPDNSSECDisabledForDNSZone.yaml
Version	1.0.0
Arm template	9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c.json

KQL

GCPAuditLogs
| where ServiceName == "dns.googleapis.com"
| where MethodName in ("dns.managedZones.update", "dns.managedZones.patch")
| where GCPResourceType == "dns_managed_zone" and Severity == "NOTICE"
| extend 
    ResponseJson = parse_json(Response),
    RequestMetadataJson = parse_json(RequestMetadata),
    AuthInfoJson = parse_json(AuthenticationInfo)
| extend ZoneContext = ResponseJson.operation.zoneContext
| where isnotempty(ZoneContext)
| extend 
    OldDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.oldValue.dnssecConfig.state),
    NewDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.newValue.dnssecConfig.state)
| where OldDnsSecState == "ON" and NewDnsSecState == "OFF"
| extend 
    ManagedZoneName = extract(@"managedZones/([^/]+)", 1, GCPResourceName),
    DnsName = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.dnsName),
    ZoneId = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.id),
    ZoneDescription = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.description),
    Visibility = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.visibility),
    OperationId = tostring(ResponseJson.operation.id),
    CallerIpAddress = tostring(RequestMetadataJson.callerIp),
    AuthEmail = tostring(AuthInfoJson.principalEmail)
| extend 
    AccountName = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[0]), 
    AccountUPNSuffix = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[1])
| project TimeGenerated,
          PrincipalEmail,
          AuthEmail,
          ProjectId,
          ManagedZoneName,
          DnsName,
          ResourceName = GCPResourceName,
          Visibility,
          ZoneId,
          ZoneDescription,
          OperationId,
          CallerIpAddress,
          MethodName,
          ServiceName,
          Severity,
          LogName,
          InsertId,
          AccountName,
          AccountUPNSuffix

YAML

name: GCP Audit Logs - DNSSEC Disabled on Managed DNS Zone
triggerOperator: gt
query: |
  GCPAuditLogs
  | where ServiceName == "dns.googleapis.com"
  | where MethodName in ("dns.managedZones.update", "dns.managedZones.patch")
  | where GCPResourceType == "dns_managed_zone" and Severity == "NOTICE"
  | extend 
      ResponseJson = parse_json(Response),
      RequestMetadataJson = parse_json(RequestMetadata),
      AuthInfoJson = parse_json(AuthenticationInfo)
  | extend ZoneContext = ResponseJson.operation.zoneContext
  | where isnotempty(ZoneContext)
  | extend 
      OldDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.oldValue.dnssecConfig.state),
      NewDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.newValue.dnssecConfig.state)
  | where OldDnsSecState == "ON" and NewDnsSecState == "OFF"
  | extend 
      ManagedZoneName = extract(@"managedZones/([^/]+)", 1, GCPResourceName),
      DnsName = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.dnsName),
      ZoneId = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.id),
      ZoneDescription = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.description),
      Visibility = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.visibility),
      OperationId = tostring(ResponseJson.operation.id),
      CallerIpAddress = tostring(RequestMetadataJson.callerIp),
      AuthEmail = tostring(AuthInfoJson.principalEmail)
  | extend 
      AccountName = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[0]), 
      AccountUPNSuffix = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[1])
  | project TimeGenerated,
            PrincipalEmail,
            AuthEmail,
            ProjectId,
            ManagedZoneName,
            DnsName,
            ResourceName = GCPResourceName,
            Visibility,
            ZoneId,
            ZoneDescription,
            OperationId,
            CallerIpAddress,
            MethodName,
            ServiceName,
            Severity,
            LogName,
            InsertId,
            AccountName,
            AccountUPNSuffix
queryFrequency: 1h
description: |
  'Detects when DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions) is disabled on a Google Cloud DNS managed zone.
  DNSSEC provides cryptographic authentication of DNS data, preventing DNS spoofing and cache poisoning attacks.
  Adversaries may disable DNSSEC to enable DNS-based command and control, phishing campaigns, or
  to redirect traffic to malicious infrastructure without cryptographic validation.
  This rule monitors DNS zone patch operations where DNSSEC state changes from ON to OFF.'
id: 9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c
triggerThreshold: 0
queryPeriod: 1h
version: 1.0.0
kind: Scheduled
customDetails:
  DnsName: DnsName
  Visibility: Visibility
  ResourceName: ResourceName
  ZoneId: ZoneId
  ManagedZoneName: ManagedZoneName
  ProjectId: ProjectId
status: Available
tags:
- GCP
- DNS
- DNSSEC
- Cloud Security
severity: High
requiredDataConnectors:
- connectorId: GCPAuditLogsDefinition
  dataTypes:
  - GCPAuditLogs
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Google%20Cloud%20Platform%20Audit%20Logs/Analytic%20Rules/GCPDNSSECDisabledForDNSZone.yaml
alertDetailsOverride:
  alertDescriptionFormat: |-
    User {{PrincipalEmail}} disabled DNSSEC on DNS managed zone {{ManagedZoneName}} ({{DnsName}}).    
    This action removes cryptographic validation of DNS responses and may indicate an attempt to facilitate DNS-based attacks.
    Investigate immediately to determine if this change was authorized and assess potential security impact.
    Review DNS query logs for suspicious activity and consider re-enabling DNSSEC if unauthorized.
  alertDisplayNameFormat: DNSSEC Disabled on DNS Zone {{ManagedZoneName}} ({{DnsName}}) by {{PrincipalEmail}}
relevantTechniques:
- T1562.001
- T1071.004
- T1584.002
tactics:
- DefenseEvasion
- CommandAndControl
- ResourceDevelopment
entityMappings:
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: FullName
    columnName: PrincipalEmail
  - identifier: Name
    columnName: AccountName
  - identifier: UPNSuffix
    columnName: AccountUPNSuffix
  entityType: Account
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: Address
    columnName: CallerIpAddress
  entityType: IP
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: Name
    columnName: ProjectId
  - identifier: InstanceName
    columnName: ResourceName
  entityType: CloudApplication
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: DomainName
    columnName: DnsName
  entityType: DNS

ARM

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "workspace": {
      "type": "String"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "apiVersion": "2024-01-01-preview",
      "id": "[concat(resourceId('Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers', parameters('workspace'), 'Microsoft.SecurityInsights'),'/alertRules/9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c')]",
      "kind": "Scheduled",
      "name": "[concat(parameters('workspace'),'/Microsoft.SecurityInsights/9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c')]",
      "properties": {
        "alertDetailsOverride": {
          "alertDescriptionFormat": "User {{PrincipalEmail}} disabled DNSSEC on DNS managed zone {{ManagedZoneName}} ({{DnsName}}).    \nThis action removes cryptographic validation of DNS responses and may indicate an attempt to facilitate DNS-based attacks.\nInvestigate immediately to determine if this change was authorized and assess potential security impact.\nReview DNS query logs for suspicious activity and consider re-enabling DNSSEC if unauthorized.",
          "alertDisplayNameFormat": "DNSSEC Disabled on DNS Zone {{ManagedZoneName}} ({{DnsName}}) by {{PrincipalEmail}}"
        },
        "alertRuleTemplateName": "9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c",
        "customDetails": {
          "DnsName": "DnsName",
          "ManagedZoneName": "ManagedZoneName",
          "ProjectId": "ProjectId",
          "ResourceName": "ResourceName",
          "Visibility": "Visibility",
          "ZoneId": "ZoneId"
        },
        "description": "'Detects when DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions) is disabled on a Google Cloud DNS managed zone.\nDNSSEC provides cryptographic authentication of DNS data, preventing DNS spoofing and cache poisoning attacks.\nAdversaries may disable DNSSEC to enable DNS-based command and control, phishing campaigns, or\nto redirect traffic to malicious infrastructure without cryptographic validation.\nThis rule monitors DNS zone patch operations where DNSSEC state changes from ON to OFF.'\n",
        "displayName": "GCP Audit Logs - DNSSEC Disabled on Managed DNS Zone",
        "enabled": true,
        "entityMappings": [
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "PrincipalEmail",
                "identifier": "FullName"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "AccountName",
                "identifier": "Name"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "AccountUPNSuffix",
                "identifier": "UPNSuffix"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "IP",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "CallerIpAddress",
                "identifier": "Address"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "CloudApplication",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "ProjectId",
                "identifier": "Name"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "ResourceName",
                "identifier": "InstanceName"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "DNS",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "DnsName",
                "identifier": "DomainName"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "OriginalUri": "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Google%20Cloud%20Platform%20Audit%20Logs/Analytic%20Rules/GCPDNSSECDisabledForDNSZone.yaml",
        "query": "GCPAuditLogs\n| where ServiceName == \"dns.googleapis.com\"\n| where MethodName in (\"dns.managedZones.update\", \"dns.managedZones.patch\")\n| where GCPResourceType == \"dns_managed_zone\" and Severity == \"NOTICE\"\n| extend \n    ResponseJson = parse_json(Response),\n    RequestMetadataJson = parse_json(RequestMetadata),\n    AuthInfoJson = parse_json(AuthenticationInfo)\n| extend ZoneContext = ResponseJson.operation.zoneContext\n| where isnotempty(ZoneContext)\n| extend \n    OldDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.oldValue.dnssecConfig.state),\n    NewDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.newValue.dnssecConfig.state)\n| where OldDnsSecState == \"ON\" and NewDnsSecState == \"OFF\"\n| extend \n    ManagedZoneName = extract(@\"managedZones/([^/]+)\", 1, GCPResourceName),\n    DnsName = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.dnsName),\n    ZoneId = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.id),\n    ZoneDescription = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.description),\n    Visibility = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.visibility),\n    OperationId = tostring(ResponseJson.operation.id),\n    CallerIpAddress = tostring(RequestMetadataJson.callerIp),\n    AuthEmail = tostring(AuthInfoJson.principalEmail)\n| extend \n    AccountName = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, \"@\")[0]), \n    AccountUPNSuffix = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, \"@\")[1])\n| project TimeGenerated,\n          PrincipalEmail,\n          AuthEmail,\n          ProjectId,\n          ManagedZoneName,\n          DnsName,\n          ResourceName = GCPResourceName,\n          Visibility,\n          ZoneId,\n          ZoneDescription,\n          OperationId,\n          CallerIpAddress,\n          MethodName,\n          ServiceName,\n          Severity,\n          LogName,\n          InsertId,\n          AccountName,\n          AccountUPNSuffix\n",
        "queryFrequency": "PT1H",
        "queryPeriod": "PT1H",
        "severity": "High",
        "status": "Available",
        "subTechniques": [
          "T1562.001",
          "T1071.004",
          "T1584.002"
        ],
        "suppressionDuration": "PT1H",
        "suppressionEnabled": false,
        "tactics": [
          "CommandAndControl",
          "DefenseEvasion",
          "ResourceDevelopment"
        ],
        "tags": [
          "GCP",
          "DNS",
          "DNSSEC",
          "Cloud Security"
        ],
        "techniques": [
          "T1071",
          "T1562",
          "T1584"
        ],
        "templateVersion": "1.0.0",
        "triggerOperator": "GreaterThan",
        "triggerThreshold": 0
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers/alertRules"
    }
  ]
}