GCP Audit Logs - DNSSEC Disabled on Managed DNS Zone | Microsoft Sentinel Analytic Rules

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Id	9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c
Rulename	GCP Audit Logs - DNSSEC Disabled on Managed DNS Zone
Description	Detects when DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions) is disabled on a Google Cloud DNS managed zone. DNSSEC provides cryptographic authentication of DNS data, preventing DNS spoofing and cache poisoning attacks. Adversaries may disable DNSSEC to enable DNS-based command and control, phishing campaigns, or to redirect traffic to malicious infrastructure without cryptographic validation. This rule monitors DNS zone patch operations where DNSSEC state changes from ON to OFF.
Severity	High
Tactics	DefenseEvasion CommandAndControl ResourceDevelopment
Techniques	T1562.001 T1071.004 T1584.002
Required data connectors	GCPAuditLogsDefinition
Kind	Scheduled
Query frequency	1h
Query period	1h
Trigger threshold	0
Trigger operator	gt
Source Uri	https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Google%20Cloud%20Platform%20Audit%20Logs/Analytic%20Rules/GCPDNSSECDisabledForDNSZone.yaml
Version	1.0.0
Arm template	9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c.json

KQL

GCPAuditLogs
| where ServiceName == "dns.googleapis.com"
| where MethodName in ("dns.managedZones.update", "dns.managedZones.patch")
| where GCPResourceType == "dns_managed_zone" and Severity == "NOTICE"
| extend 
    ResponseJson = parse_json(Response),
    RequestMetadataJson = parse_json(RequestMetadata),
    AuthInfoJson = parse_json(AuthenticationInfo)
| extend ZoneContext = ResponseJson.operation.zoneContext
| where isnotempty(ZoneContext)
| extend 
    OldDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.oldValue.dnssecConfig.state),
    NewDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.newValue.dnssecConfig.state)
| where OldDnsSecState == "ON" and NewDnsSecState == "OFF"
| extend 
    ManagedZoneName = extract(@"managedZones/([^/]+)", 1, GCPResourceName),
    DnsName = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.dnsName),
    ZoneId = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.id),
    ZoneDescription = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.description),
    Visibility = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.visibility),
    OperationId = tostring(ResponseJson.operation.id),
    CallerIpAddress = tostring(RequestMetadataJson.callerIp),
    AuthEmail = tostring(AuthInfoJson.principalEmail)
| extend 
    AccountName = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[0]), 
    AccountUPNSuffix = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[1])
| project TimeGenerated,
          PrincipalEmail,
          AuthEmail,
          ProjectId,
          ManagedZoneName,
          DnsName,
          ResourceName = GCPResourceName,
          Visibility,
          ZoneId,
          ZoneDescription,
          OperationId,
          CallerIpAddress,
          MethodName,
          ServiceName,
          Severity,
          LogName,
          InsertId,
          AccountName,
          AccountUPNSuffix

YAML

relevantTechniques:
- T1562.001
- T1071.004
- T1584.002
queryPeriod: 1h
query: |
  GCPAuditLogs
  | where ServiceName == "dns.googleapis.com"
  | where MethodName in ("dns.managedZones.update", "dns.managedZones.patch")
  | where GCPResourceType == "dns_managed_zone" and Severity == "NOTICE"
  | extend 
      ResponseJson = parse_json(Response),
      RequestMetadataJson = parse_json(RequestMetadata),
      AuthInfoJson = parse_json(AuthenticationInfo)
  | extend ZoneContext = ResponseJson.operation.zoneContext
  | where isnotempty(ZoneContext)
  | extend 
      OldDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.oldValue.dnssecConfig.state),
      NewDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.newValue.dnssecConfig.state)
  | where OldDnsSecState == "ON" and NewDnsSecState == "OFF"
  | extend 
      ManagedZoneName = extract(@"managedZones/([^/]+)", 1, GCPResourceName),
      DnsName = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.dnsName),
      ZoneId = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.id),
      ZoneDescription = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.description),
      Visibility = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.visibility),
      OperationId = tostring(ResponseJson.operation.id),
      CallerIpAddress = tostring(RequestMetadataJson.callerIp),
      AuthEmail = tostring(AuthInfoJson.principalEmail)
  | extend 
      AccountName = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[0]), 
      AccountUPNSuffix = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[1])
  | project TimeGenerated,
            PrincipalEmail,
            AuthEmail,
            ProjectId,
            ManagedZoneName,
            DnsName,
            ResourceName = GCPResourceName,
            Visibility,
            ZoneId,
            ZoneDescription,
            OperationId,
            CallerIpAddress,
            MethodName,
            ServiceName,
            Severity,
            LogName,
            InsertId,
            AccountName,
            AccountUPNSuffix
id: 9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c
entityMappings:
- entityType: Account
  fieldMappings:
  - identifier: FullName
    columnName: PrincipalEmail
  - identifier: Name
    columnName: AccountName
  - identifier: UPNSuffix
    columnName: AccountUPNSuffix
- entityType: IP
  fieldMappings:
  - identifier: Address
    columnName: CallerIpAddress
- entityType: CloudApplication
  fieldMappings:
  - identifier: Name
    columnName: ProjectId
  - identifier: InstanceName
    columnName: ResourceName
- entityType: DNS
  fieldMappings:
  - identifier: DomainName
    columnName: DnsName
description: |
  'Detects when DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions) is disabled on a Google Cloud DNS managed zone.
  DNSSEC provides cryptographic authentication of DNS data, preventing DNS spoofing and cache poisoning attacks.
  Adversaries may disable DNSSEC to enable DNS-based command and control, phishing campaigns, or
  to redirect traffic to malicious infrastructure without cryptographic validation.
  This rule monitors DNS zone patch operations where DNSSEC state changes from ON to OFF.'
kind: Scheduled
triggerOperator: gt
queryFrequency: 1h
alertDetailsOverride:
  alertDescriptionFormat: |-
    User {{PrincipalEmail}} disabled DNSSEC on DNS managed zone {{ManagedZoneName}} ({{DnsName}}).    
    This action removes cryptographic validation of DNS responses and may indicate an attempt to facilitate DNS-based attacks.
    Investigate immediately to determine if this change was authorized and assess potential security impact.
    Review DNS query logs for suspicious activity and consider re-enabling DNSSEC if unauthorized.
  alertDisplayNameFormat: DNSSEC Disabled on DNS Zone {{ManagedZoneName}} ({{DnsName}}) by {{PrincipalEmail}}
severity: High
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Google%20Cloud%20Platform%20Audit%20Logs/Analytic%20Rules/GCPDNSSECDisabledForDNSZone.yaml
tactics:
- DefenseEvasion
- CommandAndControl
- ResourceDevelopment
triggerThreshold: 0
status: Available
version: 1.0.0
requiredDataConnectors:
- connectorId: GCPAuditLogsDefinition
  dataTypes:
  - GCPAuditLogs
name: GCP Audit Logs - DNSSEC Disabled on Managed DNS Zone
tags:
- GCP
- DNS
- DNSSEC
- Cloud Security
customDetails:
  Visibility: Visibility
  ZoneId: ZoneId
  ResourceName: ResourceName
  ManagedZoneName: ManagedZoneName
  ProjectId: ProjectId
  DnsName: DnsName

ARM

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "workspace": {
      "type": "String"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "apiVersion": "2024-01-01-preview",
      "id": "[concat(resourceId('Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers', parameters('workspace'), 'Microsoft.SecurityInsights'),'/alertRules/9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c')]",
      "kind": "Scheduled",
      "name": "[concat(parameters('workspace'),'/Microsoft.SecurityInsights/9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c')]",
      "properties": {
        "alertDetailsOverride": {
          "alertDescriptionFormat": "User {{PrincipalEmail}} disabled DNSSEC on DNS managed zone {{ManagedZoneName}} ({{DnsName}}).    \nThis action removes cryptographic validation of DNS responses and may indicate an attempt to facilitate DNS-based attacks.\nInvestigate immediately to determine if this change was authorized and assess potential security impact.\nReview DNS query logs for suspicious activity and consider re-enabling DNSSEC if unauthorized.",
          "alertDisplayNameFormat": "DNSSEC Disabled on DNS Zone {{ManagedZoneName}} ({{DnsName}}) by {{PrincipalEmail}}"
        },
        "alertRuleTemplateName": "9129a43e-e204-4a9a-969e-d8861ce3437c",
        "customDetails": {
          "DnsName": "DnsName",
          "ManagedZoneName": "ManagedZoneName",
          "ProjectId": "ProjectId",
          "ResourceName": "ResourceName",
          "Visibility": "Visibility",
          "ZoneId": "ZoneId"
        },
        "description": "'Detects when DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions) is disabled on a Google Cloud DNS managed zone.\nDNSSEC provides cryptographic authentication of DNS data, preventing DNS spoofing and cache poisoning attacks.\nAdversaries may disable DNSSEC to enable DNS-based command and control, phishing campaigns, or\nto redirect traffic to malicious infrastructure without cryptographic validation.\nThis rule monitors DNS zone patch operations where DNSSEC state changes from ON to OFF.'\n",
        "displayName": "GCP Audit Logs - DNSSEC Disabled on Managed DNS Zone",
        "enabled": true,
        "entityMappings": [
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "PrincipalEmail",
                "identifier": "FullName"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "AccountName",
                "identifier": "Name"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "AccountUPNSuffix",
                "identifier": "UPNSuffix"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "IP",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "CallerIpAddress",
                "identifier": "Address"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "CloudApplication",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "ProjectId",
                "identifier": "Name"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "ResourceName",
                "identifier": "InstanceName"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "DNS",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "DnsName",
                "identifier": "DomainName"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "OriginalUri": "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Google%20Cloud%20Platform%20Audit%20Logs/Analytic%20Rules/GCPDNSSECDisabledForDNSZone.yaml",
        "query": "GCPAuditLogs\n| where ServiceName == \"dns.googleapis.com\"\n| where MethodName in (\"dns.managedZones.update\", \"dns.managedZones.patch\")\n| where GCPResourceType == \"dns_managed_zone\" and Severity == \"NOTICE\"\n| extend \n    ResponseJson = parse_json(Response),\n    RequestMetadataJson = parse_json(RequestMetadata),\n    AuthInfoJson = parse_json(AuthenticationInfo)\n| extend ZoneContext = ResponseJson.operation.zoneContext\n| where isnotempty(ZoneContext)\n| extend \n    OldDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.oldValue.dnssecConfig.state),\n    NewDnsSecState = tostring(ZoneContext.newValue.dnssecConfig.state)\n| where OldDnsSecState == \"ON\" and NewDnsSecState == \"OFF\"\n| extend \n    ManagedZoneName = extract(@\"managedZones/([^/]+)\", 1, GCPResourceName),\n    DnsName = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.dnsName),\n    ZoneId = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.id),\n    ZoneDescription = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.description),\n    Visibility = tostring(ResponseJson.managedZone.visibility),\n    OperationId = tostring(ResponseJson.operation.id),\n    CallerIpAddress = tostring(RequestMetadataJson.callerIp),\n    AuthEmail = tostring(AuthInfoJson.principalEmail)\n| extend \n    AccountName = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, \"@\")[0]), \n    AccountUPNSuffix = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, \"@\")[1])\n| project TimeGenerated,\n          PrincipalEmail,\n          AuthEmail,\n          ProjectId,\n          ManagedZoneName,\n          DnsName,\n          ResourceName = GCPResourceName,\n          Visibility,\n          ZoneId,\n          ZoneDescription,\n          OperationId,\n          CallerIpAddress,\n          MethodName,\n          ServiceName,\n          Severity,\n          LogName,\n          InsertId,\n          AccountName,\n          AccountUPNSuffix\n",
        "queryFrequency": "PT1H",
        "queryPeriod": "PT1H",
        "severity": "High",
        "status": "Available",
        "subTechniques": [
          "T1562.001",
          "T1071.004",
          "T1584.002"
        ],
        "suppressionDuration": "PT1H",
        "suppressionEnabled": false,
        "tactics": [
          "CommandAndControl",
          "DefenseEvasion",
          "ResourceDevelopment"
        ],
        "tags": [
          "GCP",
          "DNS",
          "DNSSEC",
          "Cloud Security"
        ],
        "techniques": [
          "T1071",
          "T1562",
          "T1584"
        ],
        "templateVersion": "1.0.0",
        "triggerOperator": "GreaterThan",
        "triggerThreshold": 0
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers/alertRules"
    }
  ]
}