New access credential added to Application or Service Principal

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Id	79566f41-df67-4e10-a703-c38a6213afd8
Rulename	New access credential added to Application or Service Principal
Description	This will alert when an admin or app owner account adds a new credential to an Application or Service Principal where a verify KeyCredential was already present for the app. If a threat actor obtains access to an account with sufficient privileges and adds the alternate authentication material triggering this event, the threat actor can now authenticate as the Application or Service Principal using this credential. Additional information on OAuth Credential Grants can be found in RFC 6749 Section 4.4 or https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/develop/v2-oauth2-client-creds-grant-flow For further information on AuditLogs please see https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/reports-monitoring/reference-audit-activities.
Severity	Medium
Tactics	DefenseEvasion
Techniques	T1550.001
Required data connectors	AzureActiveDirectory
Kind	Scheduled
Query frequency	1h
Query period	1h
Trigger threshold	0
Trigger operator	gt
Source Uri	https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Microsoft Entra ID/Analytic Rules/NewAppOrServicePrincipalCredential.yaml
Version	1.1.2
Arm template	79566f41-df67-4e10-a703-c38a6213afd8.json

KQL

AuditLogs
| where OperationName has_any ("Add service principal", "Certificates and secrets management") // captures "Add service principal", "Add service principal credentials", and "Update application - Certificates and secrets management" events
| where Result =~ "success"
| where tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName) has "@" or tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName) has "@"
| mv-apply TargetResource = TargetResources on 
  (
      where TargetResource.type =~ "Application"
      | extend targetDisplayName = tostring(TargetResource.displayName),
               targetId = tostring(TargetResource.id),
               targetType = tostring(TargetResource.type),
               keyEvents = TargetResource.modifiedProperties
  )
| mv-apply Property = keyEvents on 
  (
      where Property.displayName =~ "KeyDescription"
      | extend new_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.newValue)),
               old_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.oldValue))
  )
| where old_value_set != "[]"
| extend diff = set_difference(new_value_set, old_value_set)
| where isnotempty(diff)
| parse diff with * "KeyIdentifier=" keyIdentifier:string ",KeyType=" keyType:string ",KeyUsage=" keyUsage:string ",DisplayName=" keyDisplayName:string "]" *
| where keyUsage =~ "Verify"
| mv-apply AdditionalDetail = AdditionalDetails on 
  (
      where AdditionalDetail.key =~ "User-Agent"
      | extend UserAgent = tostring(AdditionalDetail.value)
  )
| extend InitiatingAppName = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName)
| extend InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.servicePrincipalId)
| extend InitiatingUserPrincipalName = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName)
| extend InitiatingAadUserId = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.id)
| extend InitiatingIpAddress = tostring(iff(isnotempty(InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress), InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress, InitiatedBy.app.ipAddress))
// The below line is currently commented out but Microsoft Sentinel users can modify this query to show only Application or only Service Principal events in their environment
//| where targetType =~ "Application" // or targetType =~ "ServicePrincipal"
| project-away diff, new_value_set, old_value_set
| project-reorder TimeGenerated, OperationName, InitiatingAppName, InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId, InitiatingUserPrincipalName, InitiatingAadUserId, InitiatingIpAddress, UserAgent, targetDisplayName, targetId, targetType, keyDisplayName, keyType, keyUsage, keyIdentifier, CorrelationId, TenantId
| extend Name = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',0)[0]), UPNSuffix = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',1)[0])

YAML

queryPeriod: 1h
version: 1.1.2
tactics:
- DefenseEvasion
queryFrequency: 1h
id: 79566f41-df67-4e10-a703-c38a6213afd8
triggerOperator: gt
requiredDataConnectors:
- dataTypes:
  - AuditLogs
  connectorId: AzureActiveDirectory
severity: Medium
entityMappings:
- entityType: Account
  fieldMappings:
  - columnName: InitiatingUserPrincipalName
    identifier: FullName
  - columnName: Name
    identifier: Name
  - columnName: UPNSuffix
    identifier: UPNSuffix
- entityType: IP
  fieldMappings:
  - columnName: InitiatingIpAddress
    identifier: Address
- entityType: Account
  fieldMappings:
  - columnName: InitiatingAadUserId
    identifier: AadUserId
- entityType: Account
  fieldMappings:
  - columnName: InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId
    identifier: AadUserId
triggerThreshold: 0
relevantTechniques:
- T1550.001
query: |
  AuditLogs
  | where OperationName has_any ("Add service principal", "Certificates and secrets management") // captures "Add service principal", "Add service principal credentials", and "Update application - Certificates and secrets management" events
  | where Result =~ "success"
  | where tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName) has "@" or tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName) has "@"
  | mv-apply TargetResource = TargetResources on 
    (
        where TargetResource.type =~ "Application"
        | extend targetDisplayName = tostring(TargetResource.displayName),
                 targetId = tostring(TargetResource.id),
                 targetType = tostring(TargetResource.type),
                 keyEvents = TargetResource.modifiedProperties
    )
  | mv-apply Property = keyEvents on 
    (
        where Property.displayName =~ "KeyDescription"
        | extend new_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.newValue)),
                 old_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.oldValue))
    )
  | where old_value_set != "[]"
  | extend diff = set_difference(new_value_set, old_value_set)
  | where isnotempty(diff)
  | parse diff with * "KeyIdentifier=" keyIdentifier:string ",KeyType=" keyType:string ",KeyUsage=" keyUsage:string ",DisplayName=" keyDisplayName:string "]" *
  | where keyUsage =~ "Verify"
  | mv-apply AdditionalDetail = AdditionalDetails on 
    (
        where AdditionalDetail.key =~ "User-Agent"
        | extend UserAgent = tostring(AdditionalDetail.value)
    )
  | extend InitiatingAppName = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName)
  | extend InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.servicePrincipalId)
  | extend InitiatingUserPrincipalName = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName)
  | extend InitiatingAadUserId = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.id)
  | extend InitiatingIpAddress = tostring(iff(isnotempty(InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress), InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress, InitiatedBy.app.ipAddress))
  // The below line is currently commented out but Microsoft Sentinel users can modify this query to show only Application or only Service Principal events in their environment
  //| where targetType =~ "Application" // or targetType =~ "ServicePrincipal"
  | project-away diff, new_value_set, old_value_set
  | project-reorder TimeGenerated, OperationName, InitiatingAppName, InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId, InitiatingUserPrincipalName, InitiatingAadUserId, InitiatingIpAddress, UserAgent, targetDisplayName, targetId, targetType, keyDisplayName, keyType, keyUsage, keyIdentifier, CorrelationId, TenantId
  | extend Name = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',0)[0]), UPNSuffix = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',1)[0])  
kind: Scheduled
name: New access credential added to Application or Service Principal
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Microsoft Entra ID/Analytic Rules/NewAppOrServicePrincipalCredential.yaml
description: |
  'This will alert when an admin or app owner account adds a new credential to an Application or Service Principal where a verify KeyCredential was already present for the app.
  If a threat actor obtains access to an account with sufficient privileges and adds the alternate authentication material triggering this event, the threat actor can now authenticate as the Application or Service Principal using this credential.
  Additional information on OAuth Credential Grants can be found in RFC 6749 Section 4.4 or https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/develop/v2-oauth2-client-creds-grant-flow
  For further information on AuditLogs please see https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/reports-monitoring/reference-audit-activities.'  
status: Available
tags:
- Solorigate
- NOBELIUM

ARM

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "workspace": {
      "type": "String"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "apiVersion": "2024-01-01-preview",
      "id": "[concat(resourceId('Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers', parameters('workspace'), 'Microsoft.SecurityInsights'),'/alertRules/79566f41-df67-4e10-a703-c38a6213afd8')]",
      "kind": "Scheduled",
      "name": "[concat(parameters('workspace'),'/Microsoft.SecurityInsights/79566f41-df67-4e10-a703-c38a6213afd8')]",
      "properties": {
        "alertRuleTemplateName": "79566f41-df67-4e10-a703-c38a6213afd8",
        "customDetails": null,
        "description": "'This will alert when an admin or app owner account adds a new credential to an Application or Service Principal where a verify KeyCredential was already present for the app.\nIf a threat actor obtains access to an account with sufficient privileges and adds the alternate authentication material triggering this event, the threat actor can now authenticate as the Application or Service Principal using this credential.\nAdditional information on OAuth Credential Grants can be found in RFC 6749 Section 4.4 or https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/develop/v2-oauth2-client-creds-grant-flow\nFor further information on AuditLogs please see https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/reports-monitoring/reference-audit-activities.'\n",
        "displayName": "New access credential added to Application or Service Principal",
        "enabled": true,
        "entityMappings": [
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "InitiatingUserPrincipalName",
                "identifier": "FullName"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "Name",
                "identifier": "Name"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "UPNSuffix",
                "identifier": "UPNSuffix"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "IP",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "InitiatingIpAddress",
                "identifier": "Address"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "InitiatingAadUserId",
                "identifier": "AadUserId"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId",
                "identifier": "AadUserId"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "OriginalUri": "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Microsoft Entra ID/Analytic Rules/NewAppOrServicePrincipalCredential.yaml",
        "query": "AuditLogs\n| where OperationName has_any (\"Add service principal\", \"Certificates and secrets management\") // captures \"Add service principal\", \"Add service principal credentials\", and \"Update application - Certificates and secrets management\" events\n| where Result =~ \"success\"\n| where tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName) has \"@\" or tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName) has \"@\"\n| mv-apply TargetResource = TargetResources on \n  (\n      where TargetResource.type =~ \"Application\"\n      | extend targetDisplayName = tostring(TargetResource.displayName),\n               targetId = tostring(TargetResource.id),\n               targetType = tostring(TargetResource.type),\n               keyEvents = TargetResource.modifiedProperties\n  )\n| mv-apply Property = keyEvents on \n  (\n      where Property.displayName =~ \"KeyDescription\"\n      | extend new_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.newValue)),\n               old_value_set = parse_json(tostring(Property.oldValue))\n  )\n| where old_value_set != \"[]\"\n| extend diff = set_difference(new_value_set, old_value_set)\n| where isnotempty(diff)\n| parse diff with * \"KeyIdentifier=\" keyIdentifier:string \",KeyType=\" keyType:string \",KeyUsage=\" keyUsage:string \",DisplayName=\" keyDisplayName:string \"]\" *\n| where keyUsage =~ \"Verify\"\n| mv-apply AdditionalDetail = AdditionalDetails on \n  (\n      where AdditionalDetail.key =~ \"User-Agent\"\n      | extend UserAgent = tostring(AdditionalDetail.value)\n  )\n| extend InitiatingAppName = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName)\n| extend InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.servicePrincipalId)\n| extend InitiatingUserPrincipalName = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName)\n| extend InitiatingAadUserId = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.id)\n| extend InitiatingIpAddress = tostring(iff(isnotempty(InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress), InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress, InitiatedBy.app.ipAddress))\n// The below line is currently commented out but Microsoft Sentinel users can modify this query to show only Application or only Service Principal events in their environment\n//| where targetType =~ \"Application\" // or targetType =~ \"ServicePrincipal\"\n| project-away diff, new_value_set, old_value_set\n| project-reorder TimeGenerated, OperationName, InitiatingAppName, InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId, InitiatingUserPrincipalName, InitiatingAadUserId, InitiatingIpAddress, UserAgent, targetDisplayName, targetId, targetType, keyDisplayName, keyType, keyUsage, keyIdentifier, CorrelationId, TenantId\n| extend Name = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',0)[0]), UPNSuffix = tostring(split(InitiatingUserPrincipalName,'@',1)[0])\n",
        "queryFrequency": "PT1H",
        "queryPeriod": "PT1H",
        "severity": "Medium",
        "status": "Available",
        "subTechniques": [
          "T1550.001"
        ],
        "suppressionDuration": "PT1H",
        "suppressionEnabled": false,
        "tactics": [
          "DefenseEvasion"
        ],
        "tags": [
          "Solorigate",
          "NOBELIUM"
        ],
        "techniques": [
          "T1550"
        ],
        "templateVersion": "1.1.2",
        "triggerOperator": "GreaterThan",
        "triggerThreshold": 0
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers/alertRules"
    }
  ]
}