Request for single resource on domain

let scriptExtensions = dynamic([".php", ".aspx", ".asp", ".cfml"]);
//The number of URI's seen to be suspicious, higher = less likely to be suspicious
let uriThreshold = 1;
CommonSecurityLog
// Only look at connections that were allowed through the web proxy
| where DeviceVendor =~ "Zscaler" and DeviceAction =~ "Allowed"
// Only look where some data was exchanged.
| where SentBytes > 0 and ReceivedBytes > 0
// Extract the Domain
| extend Domain = iff(countof(DestinationHostName,'.') >= 2, strcat(split(DestinationHostName,'.')[-2], '.',split(DestinationHostName,'.')[-1]), DestinationHostName)
| extend GetData=iff(RequestURL == "?", 1, 0)
| summarize StartTimeUtc = min(TimeGenerated), EndTimeUtc = max(TimeGenerated), makelist(RequestURL), makelist(DestinationIP), makelist(SourceIP), numOfConnections = count(), make_set(RequestMethod), max(GetData), max(RequestContext) by Domain
// Determine the number of URIs that have been visited for the domain
| extend destinationURI = arraylength(list_RequestURL)
| where destinationURI <= uriThreshold
| where tostring(list_RequestURL) has_any(scriptExtensions)
//Remove matches with referer
| where max_RequestContext == ""
//Keep requests where data was trasferred either in a GET with parameters or a POST
| where set_RequestMethod in~ ("POST") or max_GetData == 1
//Defeat email click tracking, may increase FN's while decreasing FP's
| where list_RequestURL !has "click" and set_RequestMethod !has "GET"
| mvexpand list_RequestURL, list_DestinationIP
| extend RequestURL = tostring(list_RequestURL), DestinationIP = tostring(list_DestinationIP), ClientIP = tostring(list_SourceIP)
//Extend custom entitites for incidents
| project-away list_RequestURL, list_DestinationIP, list_SourceIP, destinationURI, Domain, StartTimeUtc, EndTimeUtc, max_GetData, max_RequestContext

id: 4d500e6d-c984-43a3-9f39-7edec8dcc04d
tactics:
- CommandAndControl
queryPeriod: 1d
triggerThreshold: 0
name: Request for single resource on domain
query: |
  let scriptExtensions = dynamic([".php", ".aspx", ".asp", ".cfml"]);
  //The number of URI's seen to be suspicious, higher = less likely to be suspicious
  let uriThreshold = 1;
  CommonSecurityLog
  // Only look at connections that were allowed through the web proxy
  | where DeviceVendor =~ "Zscaler" and DeviceAction =~ "Allowed"
  // Only look where some data was exchanged.
  | where SentBytes > 0 and ReceivedBytes > 0
  // Extract the Domain
  | extend Domain = iff(countof(DestinationHostName,'.') >= 2, strcat(split(DestinationHostName,'.')[-2], '.',split(DestinationHostName,'.')[-1]), DestinationHostName)
  | extend GetData=iff(RequestURL == "?", 1, 0)
  | summarize StartTimeUtc = min(TimeGenerated), EndTimeUtc = max(TimeGenerated), makelist(RequestURL), makelist(DestinationIP), makelist(SourceIP), numOfConnections = count(), make_set(RequestMethod), max(GetData), max(RequestContext) by Domain
  // Determine the number of URIs that have been visited for the domain
  | extend destinationURI = arraylength(list_RequestURL)
  | where destinationURI <= uriThreshold
  | where tostring(list_RequestURL) has_any(scriptExtensions)
  //Remove matches with referer
  | where max_RequestContext == ""
  //Keep requests where data was trasferred either in a GET with parameters or a POST
  | where set_RequestMethod in~ ("POST") or max_GetData == 1
  //Defeat email click tracking, may increase FN's while decreasing FP's
  | where list_RequestURL !has "click" and set_RequestMethod !has "GET"
  | mvexpand list_RequestURL, list_DestinationIP
  | extend RequestURL = tostring(list_RequestURL), DestinationIP = tostring(list_DestinationIP), ClientIP = tostring(list_SourceIP)
  //Extend custom entitites for incidents
  | project-away list_RequestURL, list_DestinationIP, list_SourceIP, destinationURI, Domain, StartTimeUtc, EndTimeUtc, max_GetData, max_RequestContext  
severity: Low
triggerOperator: gt
kind: Scheduled
relevantTechniques:
- T1102
- T1071
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Zscaler Internet Access/Analytic Rules/Zscaler-LowVolumeDomainRequests.yaml
queryFrequency: 1d
requiredDataConnectors:
- connectorId: CefAma
  dataTypes:
  - CommonSecurityLog
description: |
    'This will look for connections to a domain where only a single file is requested, this is unusual as most modern web applications require additional recources. This type of activity is often assocaited with malware beaconing or tracking URL's delivered in emails. Developed for Zscaler but applicable to any outbound web logging.'
status: Available
version: 1.0.5
entityMappings:
- fieldMappings:
  - columnName: DestinationIP
    identifier: Address
  entityType: IP

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "workspace": {
      "type": "String"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "apiVersion": "2024-01-01-preview",
      "id": "[concat(resourceId('Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers', parameters('workspace'), 'Microsoft.SecurityInsights'),'/alertRules/4d500e6d-c984-43a3-9f39-7edec8dcc04d')]",
      "kind": "Scheduled",
      "name": "[concat(parameters('workspace'),'/Microsoft.SecurityInsights/4d500e6d-c984-43a3-9f39-7edec8dcc04d')]",
      "properties": {
        "alertRuleTemplateName": "4d500e6d-c984-43a3-9f39-7edec8dcc04d",
        "customDetails": null,
        "description": "'This will look for connections to a domain where only a single file is requested, this is unusual as most modern web applications require additional recources. This type of activity is often assocaited with malware beaconing or tracking URL's delivered in emails. Developed for Zscaler but applicable to any outbound web logging.'\n",
        "displayName": "Request for single resource on domain",
        "enabled": true,
        "entityMappings": [
          {
            "entityType": "IP",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "DestinationIP",
                "identifier": "Address"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "OriginalUri": "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Zscaler Internet Access/Analytic Rules/Zscaler-LowVolumeDomainRequests.yaml",
        "query": "let scriptExtensions = dynamic([\".php\", \".aspx\", \".asp\", \".cfml\"]);\n//The number of URI's seen to be suspicious, higher = less likely to be suspicious\nlet uriThreshold = 1;\nCommonSecurityLog\n// Only look at connections that were allowed through the web proxy\n| where DeviceVendor =~ \"Zscaler\" and DeviceAction =~ \"Allowed\"\n// Only look where some data was exchanged.\n| where SentBytes > 0 and ReceivedBytes > 0\n// Extract the Domain\n| extend Domain = iff(countof(DestinationHostName,'.') >= 2, strcat(split(DestinationHostName,'.')[-2], '.',split(DestinationHostName,'.')[-1]), DestinationHostName)\n| extend GetData=iff(RequestURL == \"?\", 1, 0)\n| summarize StartTimeUtc = min(TimeGenerated), EndTimeUtc = max(TimeGenerated), makelist(RequestURL), makelist(DestinationIP), makelist(SourceIP), numOfConnections = count(), make_set(RequestMethod), max(GetData), max(RequestContext) by Domain\n// Determine the number of URIs that have been visited for the domain\n| extend destinationURI = arraylength(list_RequestURL)\n| where destinationURI <= uriThreshold\n| where tostring(list_RequestURL) has_any(scriptExtensions)\n//Remove matches with referer\n| where max_RequestContext == \"\"\n//Keep requests where data was trasferred either in a GET with parameters or a POST\n| where set_RequestMethod in~ (\"POST\") or max_GetData == 1\n//Defeat email click tracking, may increase FN's while decreasing FP's\n| where list_RequestURL !has \"click\" and set_RequestMethod !has \"GET\"\n| mvexpand list_RequestURL, list_DestinationIP\n| extend RequestURL = tostring(list_RequestURL), DestinationIP = tostring(list_DestinationIP), ClientIP = tostring(list_SourceIP)\n//Extend custom entitites for incidents\n| project-away list_RequestURL, list_DestinationIP, list_SourceIP, destinationURI, Domain, StartTimeUtc, EndTimeUtc, max_GetData, max_RequestContext\n",
        "queryFrequency": "P1D",
        "queryPeriod": "P1D",
        "severity": "Low",
        "status": "Available",
        "subTechniques": [],
        "suppressionDuration": "PT1H",
        "suppressionEnabled": false,
        "tactics": [
          "CommandAndControl"
        ],
        "techniques": [
          "T1071",
          "T1102"
        ],
        "templateVersion": "1.0.5",
        "triggerOperator": "GreaterThan",
        "triggerThreshold": 0
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers/alertRules"
    }
  ]
}