GCP Audit Logs - Storage Bucket Made Public

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Id	3a8d7f9e-4b2c-4e5d-8c6b-9f1a3d5e8c7b
Rulename	GCP Audit Logs - Storage Bucket Made Public
Description	Detects when a Google Cloud Storage bucket is made publicly accessible by granting permissions to allUsers or allAuthenticatedUsers. Making buckets public can expose sensitive data to unauthorized access and may indicate a misconfiguration or malicious activity. Adversaries may make buckets public to exfiltrate data or as part of a data exposure attack. This rule monitors setIamPermissions operations that add public access roles to storage buckets.
Severity	High
Tactics	Collection InitialAccess Exfiltration
Techniques	T1530 T1078.004 T1567.002
Required data connectors	GCPAuditLogsDefinition
Kind	Scheduled
Query frequency	1h
Query period	1h
Trigger threshold	0
Trigger operator	gt
Source Uri	https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Google Cloud Platform Audit Logs/Analytic Rules/GCPStorageBucketMadePublic.yaml
Version	1.0.0
Arm template	3a8d7f9e-4b2c-4e5d-8c6b-9f1a3d5e8c7b.json

KQL

GCPAuditLogs
| where ServiceName == "storage.googleapis.com"
| where MethodName == "storage.setIamPermissions"
| where GCPResourceType == "gcs_bucket"
| extend 
    ServiceDataJson = parse_json(ServiceData),
    RequestMetadataJson = parse_json(RequestMetadata),
    AuthInfoJson = parse_json(AuthenticationInfo),
    AuthzInfoJson = parse_json(AuthorizationInfo)
| extend PolicyDelta = ServiceDataJson.policyDelta.bindingDeltas
| mv-expand PolicyDelta
| extend 
    Action = tostring(PolicyDelta.action),
    Member = tostring(PolicyDelta.member),
    Role = tostring(PolicyDelta.role)
| where Action == "ADD"
| where Member in~ ("allUsers", "allAuthenticatedUsers")
| extend 
    BucketName = extract(@"buckets/([^/]+)", 1, GCPResourceName),
    CallerIpAddress = tostring(RequestMetadataJson.callerIp),
    UserAgent = tostring(RequestMetadataJson.callerSuppliedUserAgent),
    AuthEmail = tostring(AuthInfoJson.principalEmail),
    Permission = tostring(AuthzInfoJson[0].permission),
    PermissionGranted = tostring(AuthzInfoJson[0].granted)
| extend 
    PublicAccessType = case(
        Member =~ "allUsers", "Public to Everyone",
        Member =~ "allAuthenticatedUsers", "Public to All Authenticated Users",
        "Unknown"),
    AccountName = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[0]), 
    AccountUPNSuffix = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[1])
| project TimeGenerated,
          PrincipalEmail,
          AuthEmail,
          ProjectId,
          BucketName,
          ResourceName = GCPResourceName,
          PublicAccessType,
          Member,
          Role,
          CallerIpAddress,
          UserAgent,
          MethodName,
          ServiceName,
          Severity,
          Permission,
          PermissionGranted,
          LogName,
          InsertId,
          AccountName,
          AccountUPNSuffix

YAML

alertDetailsOverride:
  alertDescriptionFormat: |-
    User {{PrincipalEmail}} made storage bucket {{BucketName}} publicly accessible in project {{ProjectId}}.
    This may expose sensitive data to unauthorized access. Investigate immediately to determine if this action was authorized and assess potential data exposure.
    Review bucket contents and access logs for any unauthorized access attempts.    
  alertDisplayNameFormat: GCP Storage Bucket {{BucketName}} Made Public by {{PrincipalEmail}}
relevantTechniques:
- T1530
- T1078.004
- T1567.002
name: GCP Audit Logs - Storage Bucket Made Public
queryFrequency: 1h
version: 1.0.0
triggerThreshold: 0
severity: High
requiredDataConnectors:
- connectorId: GCPAuditLogsDefinition
  dataTypes:
  - GCPAuditLogs
tactics:
- Collection
- InitialAccess
- Exfiltration
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Google Cloud Platform Audit Logs/Analytic Rules/GCPStorageBucketMadePublic.yaml
query: |
  GCPAuditLogs
  | where ServiceName == "storage.googleapis.com"
  | where MethodName == "storage.setIamPermissions"
  | where GCPResourceType == "gcs_bucket"
  | extend 
      ServiceDataJson = parse_json(ServiceData),
      RequestMetadataJson = parse_json(RequestMetadata),
      AuthInfoJson = parse_json(AuthenticationInfo),
      AuthzInfoJson = parse_json(AuthorizationInfo)
  | extend PolicyDelta = ServiceDataJson.policyDelta.bindingDeltas
  | mv-expand PolicyDelta
  | extend 
      Action = tostring(PolicyDelta.action),
      Member = tostring(PolicyDelta.member),
      Role = tostring(PolicyDelta.role)
  | where Action == "ADD"
  | where Member in~ ("allUsers", "allAuthenticatedUsers")
  | extend 
      BucketName = extract(@"buckets/([^/]+)", 1, GCPResourceName),
      CallerIpAddress = tostring(RequestMetadataJson.callerIp),
      UserAgent = tostring(RequestMetadataJson.callerSuppliedUserAgent),
      AuthEmail = tostring(AuthInfoJson.principalEmail),
      Permission = tostring(AuthzInfoJson[0].permission),
      PermissionGranted = tostring(AuthzInfoJson[0].granted)
  | extend 
      PublicAccessType = case(
          Member =~ "allUsers", "Public to Everyone",
          Member =~ "allAuthenticatedUsers", "Public to All Authenticated Users",
          "Unknown"),
      AccountName = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[0]), 
      AccountUPNSuffix = tostring(split(PrincipalEmail, "@")[1])
  | project TimeGenerated,
            PrincipalEmail,
            AuthEmail,
            ProjectId,
            BucketName,
            ResourceName = GCPResourceName,
            PublicAccessType,
            Member,
            Role,
            CallerIpAddress,
            UserAgent,
            MethodName,
            ServiceName,
            Severity,
            Permission,
            PermissionGranted,
            LogName,
            InsertId,
            AccountName,
            AccountUPNSuffix  
kind: Scheduled
entityMappings:
- fieldMappings:
  - columnName: PrincipalEmail
    identifier: FullName
  - columnName: AccountName
    identifier: Name
  - columnName: AccountUPNSuffix
    identifier: UPNSuffix
  entityType: Account
- fieldMappings:
  - columnName: CallerIpAddress
    identifier: Address
  entityType: IP
- fieldMappings:
  - columnName: ProjectId
    identifier: Name
  - columnName: ResourceName
    identifier: InstanceName
  entityType: CloudApplication
queryPeriod: 1h
triggerOperator: gt
customDetails:
  UserAgent: UserAgent
  BucketName: BucketName
  RoleGranted: Role
  PublicAccessType: PublicAccessType
  ResourceName: ResourceName
  ProjectId: ProjectId
  Permission: Permission
id: 3a8d7f9e-4b2c-4e5d-8c6b-9f1a3d5e8c7b
tags:
- GCP
- Storage
- Data Exposure
- Cloud Security
status: Available
description: |
  'Detects when a Google Cloud Storage bucket is made publicly accessible by granting permissions to allUsers or allAuthenticatedUsers.
  Making buckets public can expose sensitive data to unauthorized access and may indicate a misconfiguration or malicious activity.
  Adversaries may make buckets public to exfiltrate data or as part of a data exposure attack.
  This rule monitors setIamPermissions operations that add public access roles to storage buckets.'

ARM