Email access via active sync

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Id	2f561e20-d97b-4b13-b02d-18b34af6e87c
Rulename	Email access via active sync
Description	This query detects attempts to add attacker devices as allowed IDs for active sync using the Set-CASMailbox command. This technique was seen in relation to Solorigate attack but the results can indicate potential malicious activity used in different attacks. - Note that this query can be changed to use the KQL “has_all” operator, which hasn’t yet been documented officially, but will be soon. In short, “has_all” will only match when the referenced field has all strings in the list. - Refer to Set-CASMailbox syntax: https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/exchange/set-casmailbox?view=exchange-ps
Severity	Medium
Tactics	PrivilegeEscalation
Techniques	T1068 T1078
Required data connectors	MicrosoftThreatProtection SecurityEvents WindowsForwardedEvents WindowsSecurityEvents
Kind	Scheduled
Query frequency	1d
Query period	1d
Trigger threshold	0
Trigger operator	gt
Source Uri	https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Detections/MultipleDataSources/EmailAccessviaActiveSync.yaml
Version	1.2.1
Arm template	2f561e20-d97b-4b13-b02d-18b34af6e87c.json

KQL

let timeframe = 1d;
let cmdList = dynamic(["Set-CASMailbox","ActiveSyncAllowedDeviceIDs","add"]);
(union isfuzzy=true
(
SecurityEvent
| where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)
| where EventID == 4688
| where CommandLine has_all (cmdList)
| project Type, TimeGenerated, Computer, Account, SubjectDomainName, SubjectUserName, Process, ParentProcessName, CommandLine
| extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountEntity = Account, HostEntity = Computer
),
( WindowsEvent
| where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)
| where EventID == 4688
| where EventData has_all (cmdList)
| extend CommandLine = tostring(EventData.CommandLine) 
| where CommandLine has_all (cmdList)
| extend Account =  strcat(tostring(EventData.SubjectDomainName),"\\", tostring(EventData.SubjectUserName))
| extend SubjectUserName = tostring(EventData.SubjectUserName)
| extend SubjectDomainName = tostring(EventData.SubjectDomainName)
| extend NewProcessName = tostring(EventData.NewProcessName)
| extend Process=tostring(split(NewProcessName, '\\')[-1])
| extend ParentProcessName = tostring(EventData.ParentProcessName)
| project Type, TimeGenerated, Computer, Account, SubjectDomainName, SubjectUserName, Process, ParentProcessName, CommandLine
| extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountEntity = Account, HostEntity = Computer
),
(
DeviceProcessEvents
| where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)
| where InitiatingProcessCommandLine has_all (cmdList)
| project Type, TimeGenerated, DeviceName, AccountName, InitiatingProcessAccountDomain, InitiatingProcessAccountName, InitiatingProcessFileName, InitiatingProcessParentFileName,  InitiatingProcessCommandLine
| extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountDomain = InitiatingProcessAccountDomain, AccountName = InitiatingProcessAccountName, HostEntity = DeviceName
),
(
Event
| where TimeGenerated > ago(timeframe)
| where Source == "Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon"
| where EventID == 1
| extend EventData = parse_xml(EventData).DataItem.EventData.Data
| mv-expand bagexpansion=array EventData
| evaluate bag_unpack(EventData)
| extend Key=tostring(['@Name']), Value=['#text']
| evaluate pivot(Key, any(Value), TimeGenerated, Source, EventLog, Computer, EventLevel, EventLevelName, EventID, UserName, RenderedDescription, MG, ManagementGroupName, Type, _ResourceId)
| where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)
| where CommandLine has_all (cmdList)
| extend Type = strcat(Type, ": ", Source)
| project Type, TimeGenerated, Computer, User, Process, ParentImage, CommandLine
| extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountEntity = User, HostEntity = Computer
)
)
| extend HostName = tostring(split(HostEntity, ".")[0]), DomainIndex = toint(indexof(HostEntity, '.'))
| extend HostNameDomain = iff(DomainIndex != -1, substring(HostEntity, DomainIndex + 1), HostEntity)
| extend AccountName = tostring(split(AccountEntity, @'\')[1]), AccountDomain = tostring(split(AccountEntity, @'\')[0])

YAML

description: |
  This query detects attempts to add attacker devices as allowed IDs for active sync using the Set-CASMailbox command.
  This technique was seen in relation to Solorigate attack but the results can indicate potential malicious activity used in different attacks.
  - Note that this query can be changed to use the KQL "has_all" operator, which hasn't yet been documented officially, but will be soon.
    In short, "has_all" will only match when the referenced field has all strings in the list.
  - Refer to Set-CASMailbox syntax: https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/exchange/set-casmailbox?view=exchange-ps    
tags:
- Solorigate
- NOBELIUM
queryPeriod: 1d
name: Email access via active sync
triggerThreshold: 0
tactics:
- PrivilegeEscalation
severity: Medium
kind: Scheduled
entityMappings:
- entityType: Account
  fieldMappings:
  - identifier: FullName
    columnName: AccountEntity
  - identifier: Name
    columnName: AccountName
  - identifier: NTDomain
    columnName: AccountDomain
- entityType: Host
  fieldMappings:
  - identifier: FullName
    columnName: HostEntity
  - identifier: HostName
    columnName: HostName
  - identifier: NTDomain
    columnName: HostNameDomain
queryFrequency: 1d
triggerOperator: gt
id: 2f561e20-d97b-4b13-b02d-18b34af6e87c
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Detections/MultipleDataSources/EmailAccessviaActiveSync.yaml
version: 1.2.1
query: |
  let timeframe = 1d;
  let cmdList = dynamic(["Set-CASMailbox","ActiveSyncAllowedDeviceIDs","add"]);
  (union isfuzzy=true
  (
  SecurityEvent
  | where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)
  | where EventID == 4688
  | where CommandLine has_all (cmdList)
  | project Type, TimeGenerated, Computer, Account, SubjectDomainName, SubjectUserName, Process, ParentProcessName, CommandLine
  | extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountEntity = Account, HostEntity = Computer
  ),
  ( WindowsEvent
  | where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)
  | where EventID == 4688
  | where EventData has_all (cmdList)
  | extend CommandLine = tostring(EventData.CommandLine) 
  | where CommandLine has_all (cmdList)
  | extend Account =  strcat(tostring(EventData.SubjectDomainName),"\\", tostring(EventData.SubjectUserName))
  | extend SubjectUserName = tostring(EventData.SubjectUserName)
  | extend SubjectDomainName = tostring(EventData.SubjectDomainName)
  | extend NewProcessName = tostring(EventData.NewProcessName)
  | extend Process=tostring(split(NewProcessName, '\\')[-1])
  | extend ParentProcessName = tostring(EventData.ParentProcessName)
  | project Type, TimeGenerated, Computer, Account, SubjectDomainName, SubjectUserName, Process, ParentProcessName, CommandLine
  | extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountEntity = Account, HostEntity = Computer
  ),
  (
  DeviceProcessEvents
  | where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)
  | where InitiatingProcessCommandLine has_all (cmdList)
  | project Type, TimeGenerated, DeviceName, AccountName, InitiatingProcessAccountDomain, InitiatingProcessAccountName, InitiatingProcessFileName, InitiatingProcessParentFileName,  InitiatingProcessCommandLine
  | extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountDomain = InitiatingProcessAccountDomain, AccountName = InitiatingProcessAccountName, HostEntity = DeviceName
  ),
  (
  Event
  | where TimeGenerated > ago(timeframe)
  | where Source == "Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon"
  | where EventID == 1
  | extend EventData = parse_xml(EventData).DataItem.EventData.Data
  | mv-expand bagexpansion=array EventData
  | evaluate bag_unpack(EventData)
  | extend Key=tostring(['@Name']), Value=['#text']
  | evaluate pivot(Key, any(Value), TimeGenerated, Source, EventLog, Computer, EventLevel, EventLevelName, EventID, UserName, RenderedDescription, MG, ManagementGroupName, Type, _ResourceId)
  | where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)
  | where CommandLine has_all (cmdList)
  | extend Type = strcat(Type, ": ", Source)
  | project Type, TimeGenerated, Computer, User, Process, ParentImage, CommandLine
  | extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountEntity = User, HostEntity = Computer
  )
  )
  | extend HostName = tostring(split(HostEntity, ".")[0]), DomainIndex = toint(indexof(HostEntity, '.'))
  | extend HostNameDomain = iff(DomainIndex != -1, substring(HostEntity, DomainIndex + 1), HostEntity)
  | extend AccountName = tostring(split(AccountEntity, @'\')[1]), AccountDomain = tostring(split(AccountEntity, @'\')[0])  
requiredDataConnectors:
- connectorId: SecurityEvents
  dataTypes:
  - SecurityEvent
- connectorId: MicrosoftThreatProtection
  dataTypes:
  - DeviceProcessEvents
- connectorId: WindowsSecurityEvents
  dataTypes:
  - SecurityEvents
- connectorId: WindowsForwardedEvents
  dataTypes:
  - WindowsEvent
relevantTechniques:
- T1068
- T1078
metadata:
  categories:
    domains:
    - Security - Threat Protection
  author:
    name: Microsoft Security Research
  source:
    kind: Community
  support:
    tier: Community

ARM

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "workspace": {
      "type": "String"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "apiVersion": "2024-01-01-preview",
      "id": "[concat(resourceId('Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers', parameters('workspace'), 'Microsoft.SecurityInsights'),'/alertRules/2f561e20-d97b-4b13-b02d-18b34af6e87c')]",
      "kind": "Scheduled",
      "name": "[concat(parameters('workspace'),'/Microsoft.SecurityInsights/2f561e20-d97b-4b13-b02d-18b34af6e87c')]",
      "properties": {
        "alertRuleTemplateName": "2f561e20-d97b-4b13-b02d-18b34af6e87c",
        "customDetails": null,
        "description": "This query detects attempts to add attacker devices as allowed IDs for active sync using the Set-CASMailbox command.\nThis technique was seen in relation to Solorigate attack but the results can indicate potential malicious activity used in different attacks.\n- Note that this query can be changed to use the KQL \"has_all\" operator, which hasn't yet been documented officially, but will be soon.\n  In short, \"has_all\" will only match when the referenced field has all strings in the list.\n- Refer to Set-CASMailbox syntax: https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/exchange/set-casmailbox?view=exchange-ps  \n",
        "displayName": "Email access via active sync",
        "enabled": true,
        "entityMappings": [
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "AccountEntity",
                "identifier": "FullName"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "AccountName",
                "identifier": "Name"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "AccountDomain",
                "identifier": "NTDomain"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "Host",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "HostEntity",
                "identifier": "FullName"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "HostName",
                "identifier": "HostName"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "HostNameDomain",
                "identifier": "NTDomain"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "OriginalUri": "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Detections/MultipleDataSources/EmailAccessviaActiveSync.yaml",
        "query": "let timeframe = 1d;\nlet cmdList = dynamic([\"Set-CASMailbox\",\"ActiveSyncAllowedDeviceIDs\",\"add\"]);\n(union isfuzzy=true\n(\nSecurityEvent\n| where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)\n| where EventID == 4688\n| where CommandLine has_all (cmdList)\n| project Type, TimeGenerated, Computer, Account, SubjectDomainName, SubjectUserName, Process, ParentProcessName, CommandLine\n| extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountEntity = Account, HostEntity = Computer\n),\n( WindowsEvent\n| where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)\n| where EventID == 4688\n| where EventData has_all (cmdList)\n| extend CommandLine = tostring(EventData.CommandLine) \n| where CommandLine has_all (cmdList)\n| extend Account =  strcat(tostring(EventData.SubjectDomainName),\"\\\\\", tostring(EventData.SubjectUserName))\n| extend SubjectUserName = tostring(EventData.SubjectUserName)\n| extend SubjectDomainName = tostring(EventData.SubjectDomainName)\n| extend NewProcessName = tostring(EventData.NewProcessName)\n| extend Process=tostring(split(NewProcessName, '\\\\')[-1])\n| extend ParentProcessName = tostring(EventData.ParentProcessName)\n| project Type, TimeGenerated, Computer, Account, SubjectDomainName, SubjectUserName, Process, ParentProcessName, CommandLine\n| extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountEntity = Account, HostEntity = Computer\n),\n(\nDeviceProcessEvents\n| where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)\n| where InitiatingProcessCommandLine has_all (cmdList)\n| project Type, TimeGenerated, DeviceName, AccountName, InitiatingProcessAccountDomain, InitiatingProcessAccountName, InitiatingProcessFileName, InitiatingProcessParentFileName,  InitiatingProcessCommandLine\n| extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountDomain = InitiatingProcessAccountDomain, AccountName = InitiatingProcessAccountName, HostEntity = DeviceName\n),\n(\nEvent\n| where TimeGenerated > ago(timeframe)\n| where Source == \"Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon\"\n| where EventID == 1\n| extend EventData = parse_xml(EventData).DataItem.EventData.Data\n| mv-expand bagexpansion=array EventData\n| evaluate bag_unpack(EventData)\n| extend Key=tostring(['@Name']), Value=['#text']\n| evaluate pivot(Key, any(Value), TimeGenerated, Source, EventLog, Computer, EventLevel, EventLevelName, EventID, UserName, RenderedDescription, MG, ManagementGroupName, Type, _ResourceId)\n| where TimeGenerated >= ago(timeframe)\n| where CommandLine has_all (cmdList)\n| extend Type = strcat(Type, \": \", Source)\n| project Type, TimeGenerated, Computer, User, Process, ParentImage, CommandLine\n| extend timestamp = TimeGenerated, AccountEntity = User, HostEntity = Computer\n)\n)\n| extend HostName = tostring(split(HostEntity, \".\")[0]), DomainIndex = toint(indexof(HostEntity, '.'))\n| extend HostNameDomain = iff(DomainIndex != -1, substring(HostEntity, DomainIndex + 1), HostEntity)\n| extend AccountName = tostring(split(AccountEntity, @'\\')[1]), AccountDomain = tostring(split(AccountEntity, @'\\')[0])\n",
        "queryFrequency": "P1D",
        "queryPeriod": "P1D",
        "severity": "Medium",
        "subTechniques": [],
        "suppressionDuration": "PT1H",
        "suppressionEnabled": false,
        "tactics": [
          "PrivilegeEscalation"
        ],
        "tags": [
          "Solorigate",
          "NOBELIUM"
        ],
        "techniques": [
          "T1068",
          "T1078"
        ],
        "templateVersion": "1.2.1",
        "triggerOperator": "GreaterThan",
        "triggerThreshold": 0
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers/alertRules"
    }
  ]
}