Rare subscription-level operations in Azure

let starttime = 14d;
let endtime = 1d;
// The number of operations above which an IP address is considered an unusual source of role assignment operations
let alertOperationThreshold = 5;
// Add or remove operation names below as per your requirements. For operations lists, please refer to https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/Azure/role-based-access-control/resource-provider-operations#all
let SensitiveOperationList =  dynamic(["microsoft.compute/snapshots/write", "microsoft.network/networksecuritygroups/write", "microsoft.storage/storageaccounts/listkeys/action"]);
let SensitiveActivity = AzureActivity
| where OperationNameValue in~ (SensitiveOperationList) or OperationNameValue hassuffix "listkeys/action"
| where ActivityStatusValue =~ "Success";
SensitiveActivity
| where TimeGenerated between (ago(starttime) .. ago(endtime))
| summarize count() by CallerIpAddress, Caller, OperationNameValue, bin(TimeGenerated,1d)
| where count_ >= alertOperationThreshold
// Returns all the records from the right side that don't have matches from the left
| join kind = rightanti (
SensitiveActivity
| where TimeGenerated >= ago(endtime)
| summarize StartTimeUtc = min(TimeGenerated), EndTimeUtc = max(TimeGenerated), ActivityTimeStamp = make_list(TimeGenerated), ActivityStatusValue = make_list(ActivityStatusValue), CorrelationIds = make_list(CorrelationId), ResourceGroups = make_list(ResourceGroup), ResourceIds = make_list(_ResourceId), ActivityCountByCallerIPAddress = count()
by CallerIpAddress, Caller, OperationNameValue
| where ActivityCountByCallerIPAddress >= alertOperationThreshold
) on CallerIpAddress, Caller, OperationNameValue
| extend Name = tostring(split(Caller,'@',0)[0]), UPNSuffix = tostring(split(Caller,'@',1)[0])

relevantTechniques:
- T1003
- T1098
name: Rare subscription-level operations in Azure
requiredDataConnectors:
- dataTypes:
  - AzureActivity
  connectorId: AzureActivity
entityMappings:
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: FullName
    columnName: Caller
  - identifier: Name
    columnName: Name
  - identifier: UPNSuffix
    columnName: UPNSuffix
  entityType: Account
- fieldMappings:
  - identifier: Address
    columnName: CallerIpAddress
  entityType: IP
triggerThreshold: 0
id: 23de46ea-c425-4a77-b456-511ae4855d69
tactics:
- CredentialAccess
- Persistence
version: 2.0.3
OriginalUri: https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Azure Activity/Analytic Rules/RareOperations.yaml
queryPeriod: 14d
kind: Scheduled
queryFrequency: 1d
severity: Low
status: Available
description: |
    'This query looks for a few sensitive subscription-level events based on Azure Activity Logs. For example, this monitors for the operation name 'Create or Update Snapshot', which is used for creating backups but could be misused by attackers to dump hashes or extract sensitive information from the disk.'
query: |
  let starttime = 14d;
  let endtime = 1d;
  // The number of operations above which an IP address is considered an unusual source of role assignment operations
  let alertOperationThreshold = 5;
  // Add or remove operation names below as per your requirements. For operations lists, please refer to https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/Azure/role-based-access-control/resource-provider-operations#all
  let SensitiveOperationList =  dynamic(["microsoft.compute/snapshots/write", "microsoft.network/networksecuritygroups/write", "microsoft.storage/storageaccounts/listkeys/action"]);
  let SensitiveActivity = AzureActivity
  | where OperationNameValue in~ (SensitiveOperationList) or OperationNameValue hassuffix "listkeys/action"
  | where ActivityStatusValue =~ "Success";
  SensitiveActivity
  | where TimeGenerated between (ago(starttime) .. ago(endtime))
  | summarize count() by CallerIpAddress, Caller, OperationNameValue, bin(TimeGenerated,1d)
  | where count_ >= alertOperationThreshold
  // Returns all the records from the right side that don't have matches from the left
  | join kind = rightanti (
  SensitiveActivity
  | where TimeGenerated >= ago(endtime)
  | summarize StartTimeUtc = min(TimeGenerated), EndTimeUtc = max(TimeGenerated), ActivityTimeStamp = make_list(TimeGenerated), ActivityStatusValue = make_list(ActivityStatusValue), CorrelationIds = make_list(CorrelationId), ResourceGroups = make_list(ResourceGroup), ResourceIds = make_list(_ResourceId), ActivityCountByCallerIPAddress = count()
  by CallerIpAddress, Caller, OperationNameValue
  | where ActivityCountByCallerIPAddress >= alertOperationThreshold
  ) on CallerIpAddress, Caller, OperationNameValue
  | extend Name = tostring(split(Caller,'@',0)[0]), UPNSuffix = tostring(split(Caller,'@',1)[0])  
triggerOperator: gt

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "workspace": {
      "type": "String"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "apiVersion": "2024-01-01-preview",
      "id": "[concat(resourceId('Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers', parameters('workspace'), 'Microsoft.SecurityInsights'),'/alertRules/23de46ea-c425-4a77-b456-511ae4855d69')]",
      "kind": "Scheduled",
      "name": "[concat(parameters('workspace'),'/Microsoft.SecurityInsights/23de46ea-c425-4a77-b456-511ae4855d69')]",
      "properties": {
        "alertRuleTemplateName": "23de46ea-c425-4a77-b456-511ae4855d69",
        "customDetails": null,
        "description": "'This query looks for a few sensitive subscription-level events based on Azure Activity Logs. For example, this monitors for the operation name 'Create or Update Snapshot', which is used for creating backups but could be misused by attackers to dump hashes or extract sensitive information from the disk.'\n",
        "displayName": "Rare subscription-level operations in Azure",
        "enabled": true,
        "entityMappings": [
          {
            "entityType": "Account",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "Caller",
                "identifier": "FullName"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "Name",
                "identifier": "Name"
              },
              {
                "columnName": "UPNSuffix",
                "identifier": "UPNSuffix"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "entityType": "IP",
            "fieldMappings": [
              {
                "columnName": "CallerIpAddress",
                "identifier": "Address"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "OriginalUri": "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Solutions/Azure Activity/Analytic Rules/RareOperations.yaml",
        "query": "let starttime = 14d;\nlet endtime = 1d;\n// The number of operations above which an IP address is considered an unusual source of role assignment operations\nlet alertOperationThreshold = 5;\n// Add or remove operation names below as per your requirements. For operations lists, please refer to https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/Azure/role-based-access-control/resource-provider-operations#all\nlet SensitiveOperationList =  dynamic([\"microsoft.compute/snapshots/write\", \"microsoft.network/networksecuritygroups/write\", \"microsoft.storage/storageaccounts/listkeys/action\"]);\nlet SensitiveActivity = AzureActivity\n| where OperationNameValue in~ (SensitiveOperationList) or OperationNameValue hassuffix \"listkeys/action\"\n| where ActivityStatusValue =~ \"Success\";\nSensitiveActivity\n| where TimeGenerated between (ago(starttime) .. ago(endtime))\n| summarize count() by CallerIpAddress, Caller, OperationNameValue, bin(TimeGenerated,1d)\n| where count_ >= alertOperationThreshold\n// Returns all the records from the right side that don't have matches from the left\n| join kind = rightanti (\nSensitiveActivity\n| where TimeGenerated >= ago(endtime)\n| summarize StartTimeUtc = min(TimeGenerated), EndTimeUtc = max(TimeGenerated), ActivityTimeStamp = make_list(TimeGenerated), ActivityStatusValue = make_list(ActivityStatusValue), CorrelationIds = make_list(CorrelationId), ResourceGroups = make_list(ResourceGroup), ResourceIds = make_list(_ResourceId), ActivityCountByCallerIPAddress = count()\nby CallerIpAddress, Caller, OperationNameValue\n| where ActivityCountByCallerIPAddress >= alertOperationThreshold\n) on CallerIpAddress, Caller, OperationNameValue\n| extend Name = tostring(split(Caller,'@',0)[0]), UPNSuffix = tostring(split(Caller,'@',1)[0])\n",
        "queryFrequency": "P1D",
        "queryPeriod": "P14D",
        "severity": "Low",
        "status": "Available",
        "subTechniques": [],
        "suppressionDuration": "PT1H",
        "suppressionEnabled": false,
        "tactics": [
          "CredentialAccess",
          "Persistence"
        ],
        "techniques": [
          "T1003",
          "T1098"
        ],
        "templateVersion": "2.0.3",
        "triggerOperator": "GreaterThan",
        "triggerThreshold": 0
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/providers/alertRules"
    }
  ]
}